Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran.
Proteomics Research Center, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran.
Soc Work Public Health. 2020 Oct 1;35(8):689-709. doi: 10.1080/19371918.2020.1824844. Epub 2020 Sep 24.
Oncological emergencies are defined as any acute possible morbid or life-threatening events in patients with cancer either because of the malignancy or because of their treatment. These events may occur at any time during malignancy, from symptoms present to end-stage disease. The aim of this study is the review of urgent conditions results from cancer or cancer treatment side effects that need to be addressed immediately. In this study, a comprehensive and in-depth narrative review was carried out by searching the databases of PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar with the keywords of "cancer, emergency, metabolic emergency, neutropenic fever" along with the words, "tumor lysis syndrome, chemotherapeutic emergency, diagnosis, treatment " in last two decades. Patients suffering from cancer mostly face the challenges that we are classified in different categories, including metabolic, hematologic, cardiovascular, neurologic, respiratory, infectious, and chemotherapeutic emergencies. These patients mostly complain of headaches, nausea, pain, and fever. In conclusion, knowledge of oncology emergencies and palliative care as part of a team approach is critical for treating cancer patients. In this light, it is pivotal for physicians to focus on the early detection of oncological emergencies. Moreover, training programs for cancer patients help them to timely recognize and report the oncologic emergency symptoms, leading to avoid deleterious consequences and unnecessary healthcare costs as well as improve the quality of life in these patients.
肿瘤急症是指癌症患者由于恶性肿瘤本身或治疗相关因素而发生的任何可能危及生命的急性疾病或并发症。这些事件可能发生在恶性肿瘤的任何阶段，从出现症状到终末期疾病。本研究旨在回顾需要立即处理的由癌症或癌症治疗副作用引起的紧急情况。在这项研究中，通过在 PubMed、Scopus、Science Direct、Google Scholar 等数据库中搜索关键词为"cancer、emergency、metabolic emergency、neutropenic fever"以及"tumor lysis syndrome、chemotherapeutic emergency、diagnosis、treatment"的文献，对过去二十年的相关文献进行了全面而深入的综述。患有癌症的患者通常面临着各种挑战，我们将这些挑战分为不同的类别，包括代谢、血液、心血管、神经、呼吸、感染和化疗急症。这些患者大多主诉头痛、恶心、疼痛和发热。总之，了解肿瘤急症和姑息治疗作为团队治疗的一部分对于治疗癌症患者至关重要。因此，医生必须关注肿瘤急症的早期发现。此外，针对癌症患者的培训计划可以帮助他们及时识别和报告肿瘤急症症状，从而避免不良后果和不必要的医疗费用，并提高这些患者的生活质量。
