Hilton M E
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1987 Apr;11(2):167-75. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1987.tb01283.x.
Findings on alcohol consumption and alcohol problems from a 1984 general population survey are presented and compared to previous survey findings. Eighteen percent of all men and 5% of all women were classified as frequent heavy drinkers; 6% of all men drinkers and 2% of all women drinkers reported that they got "drunk" as often as once per week or more. A system for measuring drinking problems, based largely on the work of Cahalan and Room, is presented and explained. As when interpreting any system of measuring drinking problems in a general population survey, readers must be aware that the resulting prevalence rates are strongly influenced by arbitrary decisions about where cutpoints should be drawn. With this caveat in mind, the results show that 9% of men drinkers and 4% of women drinkers reported problematic drinking behavior at what is defined as a moderate level of severity. Similarly, 14% of men drinkers and 6% of women drinkers reported adverse tangible consequences of drinking at a moderate level of severity. The age and sex distributions of drinking, heavy drinking, intoxication, and drinking problems were as expected, with greater proportions of men than women reporting these things and greater proportions of younger than older drinkers reporting them.
本文呈现了1984年一项普通人群调查中关于饮酒及饮酒问题的研究结果，并与之前的调查结果进行了比较。所有男性中有18%、所有女性中有5%被归类为经常大量饮酒者；所有男性饮酒者中有6%、所有女性饮酒者中有2%报告称他们每周至少醉酒一次。本文介绍并解释了一种主要基于卡哈兰和鲁姆研究成果的饮酒问题测量系统。如同解读普通人群调查中任何饮酒问题测量系统时一样，读者必须意识到，最终得出的患病率受到关于切点应如何设定的任意决定的强烈影响。考虑到这一警告，结果显示，9%的男性饮酒者和4%的女性饮酒者报告在被定义为中度严重程度时有问题饮酒行为。同样，14%的男性饮酒者和6%的女性饮酒者报告在中度严重程度时有饮酒带来的不良实际后果。饮酒、大量饮酒、醉酒及饮酒问题的年龄和性别分布符合预期，报告这些情况的男性比例高于女性，年轻饮酒者的报告比例高于年长饮酒者。
