Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China.
Shandong Food Ferment Industry Research & Design Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 41 Jiefang Road, Jinan 250013, People's Republic of China.
Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2020 Nov;170:104682. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104682. Epub 2020 Aug 18.
To evaluate whether the development of β-cypermethrin resistance in Blattella germanica (L.) (Blattaria: Blattellidae) affects the fecundity fitness of this insect and to determine the underlying mechanism, we compared fecundity differences between β-cypermethrin-resistant (R) and sensitive (S) strains of B. germanica, observed the physiological structural changes of ovaries from an visual perspective, and analyzed differences in the ovarian proteome using proteomic methods. The results showed that, compared with the S strain of B. germanica, the R strain of B. germanica had a significantly higher ootheca shedding rate, a significantly lower number of hatched and surviving nymphs, a significantly higher female proportion in the population and defective ovarian development. Ovarian proteomic analysis showed a total of 64 differentially expressed proteins in the R strain, including 18 upregulated proteins and 46 downregulated proteins. Twenty-four significantly differentially expressed proteins were further studied, and 14 were successfully identified, which were mainly classified into the following categories: immunity-related proteins, development-related proteins, structural proteins, energy metabolism-related proteins and proteins with unknown functions. The differential expression of these proteins reflects the overall changes in cell structure and metabolism associated with β-cypermethrin resistance and explains the possible molecular mechanism of fecundity fitness disadvantages. In summary, β-cypermethrin resistance can cause fecundity fitness disadvantages in B. germanica. The metabolic deviations needed to overcome the adverse effects of insecticides may result in an energy exchange that affects energy allocation and, ultimately, the basic needs of the insect. The fitness cost due to insecticide resistance is critical to the delay of the evolution of resistance.
为了评估德国小蠊（Blattella germanica）（蜚蠊目：蜚蠊科）对拟除虫菊酯的抗药性发展是否会影响这种昆虫的生殖适应性，并确定其潜在机制，我们比较了德国小蠊抗药性（R）和敏感（S）品系之间的生殖适应性差异，从视觉上观察了卵巢的生理结构变化，并采用蛋白质组学方法分析了卵巢蛋白质组的差异。结果表明，与德国小蠊 S 品系相比，德国小蠊 R 品系的卵荚脱落率显著提高，孵化和存活的若虫数量显著减少，种群中雌性比例显著提高，卵巢发育不良。卵巢蛋白质组学分析显示，德国小蠊 R 品系共有 64 种差异表达蛋白，其中上调蛋白 18 种，下调蛋白 46 种。进一步研究了 24 种差异显著表达的蛋白质，成功鉴定出 14 种，主要分为以下几类：与免疫相关的蛋白、与发育相关的蛋白、结构蛋白、与能量代谢相关的蛋白和功能未知的蛋白。这些蛋白的差异表达反映了与拟除虫菊酯抗性相关的细胞结构和代谢的整体变化，解释了生殖适应性劣势的可能分子机制。综上所述，拟除虫菊酯抗性可导致德国小蠊生殖适应性劣势。克服杀虫剂不良影响所需的代谢偏差可能导致能量交换，从而影响能量分配，并最终影响昆虫的基本需求。由于抗药性而产生的适应性成本对于延缓抗药性的进化至关重要。
