Centre for Health Systems and Policy Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Centre for Health Systems and Policy Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Vaccine. 2020 Oct 21;38(45):7049-7056. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.09.021. Epub 2020 Sep 10.
Maintaining health of healthcare workers with vaccination is a major component of pandemic preparedness and acceptance of vaccinations is essential to its success. This study aimed to examine impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on change of influenza vaccination acceptance and identify factors associated with acceptance of potential COVID-19 vaccination.
A cross-sectional self-administered anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among nurses in Hong Kong, China during 26 February and 31 March 2020. Their previous acceptance of influenza vaccination and intentions to accept influenza and COVID-19 vaccination were collected. Their relationship with work-related and other factors were examined using multiple multinomial logistic regressions.
Responses from 806 participants were retrieved. More nurses changed from vaccination refusal to hesitancy or acceptance than those changed from acceptance to vaccination hesitancy or refusal (15.5% vs 6.8% among all participants, P < 0.001). 40.0% participants intended to accept COVID-19 vaccination, and those in private sector (OR: 1.67, 95%CI: 1.11-2.51), with chronic conditions (OR: 1.83, 95%CI: 1.22-2.77), encountering with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients (OR: 1.63, 95%CI: 1.14-2.33), accepted influenza vaccination in 2019 (OR: 2.03, 95%CI: 1.47-2.81) had higher intentions to accept it. Reasons for refusal and hesitation for COVID-19 vaccination included "suspicion on efficacy, effectiveness and safety", "believing it unnecessary", and "no time to take it".
With a low level of COVID-19 acceptance intentions and high proportion of hesitation in both influenza and COVID-19 vaccination, evidence-based planning are needed to improve the uptake of both vaccinations in advance of their implementation. Future studies are needed to explore reasons of change of influenza vaccination acceptance, look for actual behaviour patterns of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance and examine effectiveness of promotion strategies.
通过接种疫苗来维护医护人员的健康是大流行防范的重要组成部分，而对疫苗的接受是其成功的关键。本研究旨在调查 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行对流感疫苗接种接受情况变化的影响，并确定与 COVID-19 疫苗接种接受相关的因素。
于 2020 年 2 月 26 日至 3 月 31 日期间，对中国香港的护士进行了一项横断面、自我管理、匿名问卷调查。收集了他们之前对流感疫苗接种的接受情况以及接受流感和 COVID-19 疫苗接种的意愿。使用多项多变量逻辑回归分析了他们与工作相关和其他因素的关系。
共回收了 806 名参与者的回复。与从接受疫苗接种变为犹豫不决或拒绝相比，更多的护士从拒绝变为犹豫不决或接受（所有参与者中，15.5%比 6.8%，P<0.001）。40.0%的参与者打算接种 COVID-19 疫苗，而在私营部门工作的参与者（OR：1.67，95%CI：1.11-2.51）、患有慢性病的参与者（OR：1.83，95%CI：1.22-2.77）、接触过疑似或确诊 COVID-19 患者的参与者（OR：1.63，95%CI：1.14-2.33）、在 2019 年接受流感疫苗接种的参与者（OR：2.03，95%CI：1.47-2.81），其接种意愿更高。COVID-19 疫苗接种拒绝和犹豫的原因包括“怀疑疗效、有效性和安全性”、“认为没有必要”以及“没有时间接种”。
鉴于 COVID-19 疫苗接种的接受意愿水平较低，且流感和 COVID-19 疫苗接种的犹豫比例较高，在实施这些疫苗接种之前，需要进行基于证据的规划，以提高这两种疫苗的接种率。未来的研究需要探讨流感疫苗接种接受情况变化的原因，寻找 COVID-19 疫苗接种实际接受情况的模式，并检验推广策略的效果。
