Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.
Université de Montréal/Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Pavillon S, 850 Rue St-Denis, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
Soc Sci Med. 2021 Jan;268:113383. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113383. Epub 2020 Sep 21.
Healthy communities can be supported through built environment interventions that redesign cities for improved health outcomes. Understanding the context of these interventions is critical for assessing how an intervention impacts population health; such context is often poorly documented. This study uses concept mapping to capture stakeholders' perspectives on the factors that influence the success and failure of built environment interventions across cities.
The INTErventions, Research, and Action in Cities Team (INTERACT) research program undertook concept mapping exercises related to interventions in four Canadian cities: public bike share program (Vancouver); a cycling network (Victoria); a bus rapid transit program (Saskatoon); and interventions related to the Montreal Sustainability Plan (Montreal). Concept mapping synthesised stakeholder perceptions and Go zones were used to prioritise factors based on importance and feasibility. Resulting themes were integrated into implementation science frameworks.
Across four cities, 95 stakeholders participated. An average of 38 factors were identified in each city, resulting in 5 emerging clusters in Victoria and Montreal and 6 clusters in Vancouver and Saskatoon. Clusters covered domains of economic and political context, intervention planning, equity considerations, user experience, and stakeholder engagement. Common across all cities was the importance of stakeholder engagement. Concerns for citizen safety were prominent in Victoria, Vancouver, and Saskatoon. Interventions in Saskatoon and Vancouver were related to programs, and reliability of service and ease of use emerged. Go zones highlighted 2-5 items in each city, which can inform priority actions.
Our study provides stakeholders' collective thinking on the contextual factors that influence the success and failure of built environment interventions. Organising context within an implementation science framework can provide a common language to synthesise stakeholder perspectives across settings. Go zone items can inform city-specific priority actions to support a common vision around implementing built environment interventions in pursuit of designing equitable and healthy cities.
通过重新设计城市以改善健康结果的建筑环境干预措施，可以支持健康社区。了解这些干预措施的背景对于评估干预措施如何影响人口健康至关重要；而这种背景通常记录不佳。本研究使用概念图来捕捉利益相关者对影响城市中建筑环境干预措施成败的因素的看法。
INTERACT 研究计划进行了概念图练习，涉及四个加拿大城市的干预措施：公共自行车共享计划（温哥华）；自行车网络（维多利亚）；快速公交系统计划（萨斯卡通）；以及与蒙特利尔可持续发展计划相关的干预措施（蒙特利尔）。概念图综合了利益相关者的看法，并使用目标区域来根据重要性和可行性对因素进行优先级排序。由此产生的主题被整合到实施科学框架中。
在四个城市中，有 95 名利益相关者参与。每个城市平均确定了 38 个因素，结果在维多利亚和蒙特利尔出现了 5 个新兴集群，在温哥华和萨斯卡通出现了 6 个集群。集群涵盖了经济和政治背景、干预规划、公平性考虑、用户体验和利益相关者参与等领域。所有城市都共同强调了利益相关者参与的重要性。维多利亚、温哥华和萨斯卡通都对公民安全表示关注。萨斯卡通和温哥华的干预措施与计划有关，服务的可靠性和易用性也凸显出来。每个城市的目标区域都突出了 2-5 项内容，可以为优先行动提供信息。
本研究提供了利益相关者对影响建筑环境干预措施成败的背景因素的集体看法。在实施科学框架内组织背景可以为综合不同环境下的利益相关者观点提供共同语言。目标区域的项目可以为支持实施建筑环境干预措施以追求设计公平和健康城市的共同愿景提供城市特定的优先行动。
