J Acad Nutr Diet. 2020 Dec;120(12):1974-1985.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.07.012. Epub 2020 Sep 24.
Although previous studies have documented declines in intake from sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) in the United States, it is important to examine whether heavy SSB intake (≥500 kcal/day) is decreasing in parallel. Examining the intake patterns of heavy SSB consumers is imperative because these individuals face the greatest health risks and thus may benefit the most from targeted policy and programmatic efforts to reduce intake.
To provide the most recent national estimates for trends in heavy SSB intake among children and adults in the United States between 2003-2004 and 2015-2016, to examine whether these trends differ by sociodemographic characteristics, and to describe where SSB are acquired and consumed by the heaviest SSB consumers.
Trend analyses of demographic and 24-hour dietary recall data in the 2003-2004 to 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Participants were 21,783 children (aged 2 to 19 years) and 32,355 adults (aged ≥20 years).
Heavy SSB intake (≥500 kcal/day).
Survey-weighted logistic regression was used to estimate the proportion of heavy SSB consumers, overall and by age group, race/ethnicity, sex, and income status (lower income = <130% Federal Poverty Level). Proportions were used to summarize where SSB are most often acquired and consumed.
Between 2003-2004 and 2015-2016, the prevalence of heavy SSB intake declined significantly among children (10.9% to 3.3%) and adults (12.7% to 9.1%). For children, these declines were observed across age group, sex, family income status, and most races/ethnicities. For adults, these significant declines were observed among 20- to 39-year olds, most races/ethnicities, and higher-income adults. However, there was a significant increase in heavy SSB intake among adults aged ≥60 years and no significant change among 40- to 59-year olds and non-Mexican Hispanic adults. The majority of energy intake from SSB consumed by heavy SSB drinkers was from products acquired from stores and was consumed at home.
Heavy SSB intake is declining, but attention must be paid to certain subgroups with high intake for whom trends are not decreasing, particularly 40- to 59-year olds and non-Mexican Hispanic adults.
尽管先前的研究已经记录了美国含糖饮料（SSB）摄入量的下降，但重要的是要检查是否大量 SSB 摄入（≥500 千卡/天）也在同步下降。研究大量 SSB 消费者的摄入模式至关重要，因为这些人面临最大的健康风险，因此可能从针对减少摄入量的政策和计划中受益最多。
提供美国儿童和成年人在 2003-2004 年至 2015-2016 年间大量 SSB 摄入量趋势的最新全国估计数，研究这些趋势是否因社会人口统计学特征而异，并描述最重 SSB 消费者在哪里获得和消费 SSB。
2003-2004 年至 2015-2016 年全国健康和营养调查中人口统计和 24 小时膳食回顾数据的趋势分析。
参与者/设置：参与者为 21783 名儿童（2 至 19 岁）和 32355 名成年人（≥20 岁）。
大量 SSB 摄入（≥500 千卡/天）。
使用调查加权逻辑回归估计大量 SSB 消费者的比例，总体和按年龄组、种族/民族、性别和收入状况（低收入<130%联邦贫困水平）。比例用于总结 SSB 最常在哪里获得和消费。
在 2003-2004 年至 2015-2016 年期间，儿童（从 10.9%降至 3.3%）和成年人（从 12.7%降至 9.1%）大量 SSB 摄入的流行率显著下降。对于儿童，这些下降在所有年龄组、性别、家庭收入状况和大多数种族/民族中都有观察到。对于成年人，这些显著的下降发生在 20 至 39 岁人群、大多数种族/民族和高收入成年人中。然而，≥60 岁成年人的大量 SSB 摄入量显著增加，40 至 59 岁成年人和非墨西哥裔西班牙裔成年人的摄入量没有显著变化。大量 SSB 饮用者从 SSB 中摄入的大部分能量来自于从商店购买的产品，并且在家中消费。
大量 SSB 摄入正在下降，但必须注意某些高摄入量的特定亚组，对于这些亚组，趋势并没有下降，特别是 40 至 59 岁人群和非墨西哥裔西班牙裔成年人。
