Folktandvården Stockholm AB, Stockholm, Sweden.
Academic Centre Of Geriatric Dentistry, Stockholm, Sweden.
Clin Interv Aging. 2020 Aug 6;15:1305-1315. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S236460. eCollection 2020.
The primary aim was to describe the effects for nursing home residents of monthly professional cleaning and individual oral hygiene instruction provided by registered dental hygienists (RDHs), in comparison with daily oral care as usual. The secondary aim was to study the knowledge and attitudes among nursing staff regarding oral health care and needs.
In this randomised controlled trial (RCT), 146 residents were recruited from nine nursing homes in Regions of Stockholm and Sörmland and were randomly assigned (on nursing home level) to either intervention group (I; n=72) or control group (C; n=74). Group I received monthly professional cleaning, individual oral hygiene instructions and information given by an RDH. Group C proceeded with daily oral care as usual (self-performed or nursing staff-assisted). Oral health-related data was registered with the mucosal-plaque score index (MPS), the modified sulcus bleeding index (MSB), and root caries. The nursing staff's attitudes and knowledge were analysed at baseline and at six-month follow-up. Statistical analysis was performed by Fisher's exact test and two-way variance analysis (ANOVA).
Improvements were seen in both Group I and Group C concerning MPS, MSB and active root caries. The nursing staff working with participants in Group I showed significant improvements regarding the Nursing Dental Coping Beliefs Scale (DCBS) in two of four dimensions, oral health care beliefs (p=0.0331) and external locus of control (p=0.0017) compared with those working with Group C. The knowledge-based questionnaire showed improvement (=0.05) in Group I compared with Group C.
Monthly professional oral care, combined with individual oral health care instructions, seems to improve oral hygiene and may reduce root caries among nursing home residents. This may also contribute to a more positive attitude regarding oral hygiene measures among nursing home staff, as compared with daily oral care as usual.
本研究旨在描述为养老院居民提供的每月专业清洁和由注册牙科保健师（RDH）提供的个人口腔卫生指导的效果，与常规的日常口腔护理相比。次要目的是研究护理人员对口腔保健和需求的知识和态度。
在这项随机对照试验（RCT）中，从斯德哥尔摩地区和斯莫兰地区的九家养老院招募了 146 名居民，并按养老院进行随机分组（I 组，n=72；C 组，n=74）。I 组接受每月的专业清洁、个人口腔卫生指导和 RDH 提供的信息。C 组继续进行常规的日常口腔护理（自理或护理人员协助）。用黏膜菌斑评分指数（MPS）、改良龈沟出血指数（MSB）和根龋来记录口腔健康相关数据。在基线和 6 个月随访时分析护理人员的态度和知识。统计分析采用 Fisher 确切检验和双向方差分析（ANOVA）。
I 组和 C 组的 MPS、MSB 和活动性根龋均有所改善。与 C 组相比，I 组的护理人员在口腔护理应对信念量表（DCBS）的四个维度中的两个维度上，即口腔保健信念（p=0.0331）和外部控制源（p=0.0017）上的护理信念，有显著改善。知识问卷显示，I 组的得分较 C 组有所提高（p=0.05）。
每月的专业口腔护理，结合个人口腔卫生指导，似乎可以改善养老院居民的口腔卫生，并可能减少根龋。这也可能使养老院工作人员对口腔卫生措施的态度更为积极，与常规的日常口腔护理相比。
