DiClementi J D, Handelsman M M
J Clin Psychol. 1987 May;43(3):341-5. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198705)43:3<341::aid-jclp2270430307>3.0.co;2-7.
Forty-eight undergraduate females completed a psychological test after they had received instructions that concerned the validity of the test and their sophistication as test takers. Subjects were told that the test was either valuable or worthless in assessing personalities. Subjects also were told that they were either experienced or naive with regard to tests and psychology. Subjects received identical Barnum interpretations, which they rated for accuracy. While the high sophistication subjects rated the interpretation as accurate across validity conditions, the low sophistication subjects rated the interpretation according to the validity instructions they received. These results run counter to previous assertions that validity and sophistication have little or no effect on acceptance of generalized personality feedback.
四十八名本科女生在收到有关测试有效性及她们作为测试者的成熟程度的说明后，完成了一项心理测试。受试者被告知该测试在评估个性方面要么有价值，要么毫无价值。受试者还被告知，她们在测试和心理学方面要么经验丰富，要么缺乏经验。受试者收到了相同的巴纳姆式解读，并对其准确性进行评分。虽然高成熟度的受试者在不同有效性条件下都认为该解读准确，但低成熟度的受试者根据她们收到的有效性说明对解读进行评分。这些结果与之前关于有效性和成熟度对接受广义个性反馈几乎没有影响的断言相悖。
