Preta Giulio
Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020 Sep 2;8:571237. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.571237. eCollection 2020.
Modulation of membrane lipid composition and organization is currently developing as an effective therapeutic strategy against a wide range of diseases, including cancer. This field, known as membrane-lipid therapy, has risen from new discoveries on the complex organization of lipids and between lipids and proteins in the plasma membranes. Membrane microdomains present in the membrane of all eukaryotic cells, known as lipid rafts, have been recognized as an important concentrating platform for protein receptors involved in the regulation of intracellular signaling, apoptosis, redox balance and immune response. The difference in lipid composition between the cellular membranes of healthy cells and tumor cells allows for the development of novel therapies based on targeting membrane lipids in cancer cells to increase sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents and consequently defeat multidrug resistance. In the current manuscript strategies based on influencing cholesterol/sphingolipids content will be presented together with innovative ones, more focused in changing biophysical properties of the membrane bilayer without affecting the composition of its constituents.
调节膜脂质组成和结构目前正发展成为一种针对包括癌症在内的多种疾病的有效治疗策略。这个领域被称为膜脂质疗法，它源于对质膜中脂质复杂结构以及脂质与蛋白质之间关系的新发现。所有真核细胞膜中存在的膜微区，即脂筏，已被认为是参与细胞内信号传导、细胞凋亡、氧化还原平衡和免疫反应调节的蛋白质受体的重要聚集平台。健康细胞和肿瘤细胞细胞膜之间脂质组成的差异使得基于靶向癌细胞膜脂质以增加对化疗药物的敏感性从而克服多药耐药性的新型疗法得以开发。在本手稿中，将介绍基于影响胆固醇/鞘脂含量的策略以及更侧重于改变膜双层生物物理性质而不影响其成分组成的创新策略。
