Bihaqi S J, Allaie I M, Banday M A A, Sankar M, Wani Z A, Prasad A
Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama Campus, Alusteng, Srinagar, Kashmir-190006, J&K, India.
Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly-243122, UP, India.
Parasite Epidemiol Control. 2020 Jun 29;11:e00163. doi: 10.1016/j.parepi.2020.e00163. eCollection 2020 Nov.
The study was conducted to evaluate the status of anthelmintic resistance in Gastro-Intestinal Nematodes (GINs) of goats at an organized farm located in Kashmir, as there is no report of resistance against these parasites of goats from this temperate region, although it has been reported worldwide including India. Caprines reared at this farm exhibited reduced efficacy to multiple anthelmintics following treatments with Fenbendazole (FBZ), Closantel and Ivermectin (IVM) in Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT). The results suggested that the overall efficacy was highest for IVM at 83.5% and 90.0% on 7 and 14 day post-treatment, respectively and least for FBZ at 44.3% and 62.5%, respectively, whereas the corresponding figures for closantel were 68.3% and 86.2%, respectively. The pre-treatment faecal culture revealed , and as predominant strongyles, however, in post-treatment samples, only was observed. Further, the infective larvae were subjected to Allele specific PCR (AS-PCR) for accurate diagnosis of BZ resistance. The AS-PCR revealed 52% of were homozygous resistant (rr) and 17% were heterozygous (rS) on day "0" before treatment and 100% homozygous resistant (rr) on 7th day post treatment. In both and 100% population was homozygous susceptible (SS) at day "0" before treatment. The overall frequency of resistant (r) allele for was 60.5% and for susceptible allele (s) was 39.5%. For and the frequency of susceptible allele (s) was 100%. The survey indicated that the GINs of goats on the farm have developed multiple anthelmintic resistance to FBZ, closantel and IVM and the condition is alarming in the farm. Moreover surveillance studies about status of anthelmintic resistance in other farms (Govternment as well as Private) of Kashmir valley should be carried out at large scale to develop effective and sustainable control strategies against GI Nematodes.
开展这项研究是为了评估克什米尔一个规模化养殖场山羊胃肠道线虫（GINs）的驱虫抗性状况。尽管包括印度在内的全球各地均有山羊对这些寄生虫产生抗性的报道，但该温带地区尚无此类报道。在粪便虫卵计数减少试验（FECRT）中，该养殖场饲养的山羊在用芬苯达唑（FBZ）、氯氰碘柳胺和伊维菌素（IVM）治疗后，对多种驱虫药的疗效降低。结果表明，总体疗效以IVM最高，治疗后第7天和第14天分别为83.5%和90.0%；FBZ最低，分别为44.3%和62.5%；而氯氰碘柳胺的相应数字分别为68.3%和86.2%。治疗前的粪便培养显示，优势圆线虫为 、 和 ，然而，在治疗后的样本中，仅观察到 。此外，对感染性幼虫进行等位基因特异性PCR（AS-PCR）以准确诊断BZ抗性。AS-PCR显示治疗前第“0”天， 的52%为纯合抗性（rr），17%为杂合（rS），治疗后第7天100%为纯合抗性（rr）。在治疗前第“0”天， 和 的群体均为100%纯合敏感（SS）。 的抗性（r）等位基因总体频率为60.5%，敏感等位基因（s）为39.5%。对于 和 ，敏感等位基因（s）的频率为100%。调查表明，该养殖场山羊的GINs已对FBZ、氯氰碘柳胺和IVM产生多种驱虫抗性，且该养殖场的情况令人担忧。此外，应大规模开展克什米尔山谷其他养殖场（政府和私人养殖场）驱虫抗性状况的监测研究，以制定针对胃肠道线虫的有效且可持续的控制策略。
