采用溅射技术制备硅铝酸盐和羟基磷灰石/硅铝酸盐复合膜及其对铯和锶的吸附能力。

Preparation of aluminosilicate and hydroxyapatite/aluminosilicate composite films with the sputtering technique and their adsorption capacity with cesium and strontium.

机构信息

Major in Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan.

出版信息

Biomed Mater Eng. 2020;31(5):291-305. doi: 10.3233/BME-201121.

DOI:10.3233/BME-201121

PMID:32986648

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Removal of radioactive substances, such as cesium (Cs) and strontium (Sr), has become an emerging issue after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant disaster. It has been reported that hydroxyapatite (HA) and aluminosilicate composite powders can be used to remove Cs and Sr. However, the film type of these materials for the removal of Cs and Sr has not been reported.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of using HA, aluminosilicate, and aluminosilicate/HA composites for the removal of Cs and Sr radioactive substances.

METHODS

Aluminosilicate films and HA films were fabricated using a sputtering technique with diatomaceous earth and HA targets, respectively. The aluminosilicate film was observed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A comb-shaped HA/aluminosilicate composite film was prepared to take advantage of the adsorption properties of the HA and the aluminosilicate films. The Cs and Sr adsorption on these films were also evaluated.

RESULTS

In the XRD patterns, the film sputtered from a diatomaceous earth target under 5.0 Pa of Ar pressure showed aluminosilicate peaks (Na1.82(Al2Si3O10) and Al2SiO5) after 8 h of vapor-phase hydrothermal treatment. The film showed higher adsorption of Cs than Sr in Cs and Sr solutions, while the HA film adsorbed far more Sr than Cs. A HA/aluminosilicate composite film was successfully fabricated, and the SEM images showed that the width of the HA region was 230-260 μm, and that of the aluminosilicate region was 170-200 μm. The HA/aluminosilicate composite film showed 84.8 ± 11.5% Cs adsorption and 28.3 ± 1.4% Sr adsorption in a mixed solution of Cs and Sr.

CONCLUSION

This study shows the feasibility of using HA films, aluminosilicate films, and HA/aluminosilicate composite films for the removal of radioactive substances such as Cs and Sr.

摘要

背景

福岛第一核电站事故后，去除放射性物质（如铯（Cs）和锶（Sr））成为一个新出现的问题。据报道，羟基磷灰石（HA）和铝硅酸盐复合粉末可用于去除 Cs 和 Sr。然而，这些材料用于去除 Cs 和 Sr 的薄膜类型尚未报道。

目的

本研究旨在评估使用 HA、铝硅酸盐和 HA/铝硅酸盐复合材料去除 Cs 和 Sr 放射性物质的可能性。

方法

使用溅射技术分别用硅藻土和 HA 靶材制备铝硅酸盐薄膜和 HA 薄膜。用 X 射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察铝硅酸盐薄膜。制备了 HA/铝硅酸盐复合梳状薄膜，以利用 HA 和铝硅酸盐薄膜的吸附性能。还评估了这些薄膜对 Cs 和 Sr 的吸附作用。

结果

在 XRD 图谱中，在 5.0 Pa 的 Ar 压力下溅射由硅藻土靶材形成的薄膜在 8 小时气相水热处理后显示出铝硅酸盐峰（Na1.82(Al2Si3O10)和 Al2SiO5）。该薄膜在 Cs 和 Sr 溶液中对 Cs 的吸附率高于 Sr，而 HA 薄膜对 Sr 的吸附率远高于 Cs。成功制备了 HA/铝硅酸盐复合薄膜，SEM 图像显示 HA 区域的宽度为 230-260 μm，铝硅酸盐区域的宽度为 170-200 μm。在 Cs 和 Sr 的混合溶液中，HA/铝硅酸盐复合薄膜对 Cs 的吸附率为 84.8±11.5%，对 Sr 的吸附率为 28.3±1.4%。