Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy.
School of Chemistry, Kings Buildings, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK.
Cells. 2020 Sep 24;9(10):2160. doi: 10.3390/cells9102160.
Tuberculosis (TB) caused by is one of the most lethal infectious diseases with estimates of approximately 1.4 million human deaths in 2018. has a well-established ability to circumvent the host immune system to ensure its intracellular survival and persistence in the host. Mechanisms include subversion of expression of key microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in the regulation of host innate and adaptive immune response against . Several studies have reported differential expression of miRNAs during active TB and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), suggesting their potential use as biomarkers of disease progression and response to anti-TB therapy. This review focused on the miRNAs involved in TB pathogenesis and on the mechanism through which miRNAs induced during TB modulate cell antimicrobial responses. An attentive study of the recent literature identifies a group of miRNAs, which are differentially expressed in active TB vs. LTBI or vs. treated TB and can be proposed as candidate biomarkers.
由 引起的结核病 (TB) 是最致命的传染病之一，据估计，2018 年有大约 140 万人死于结核病。 具有逃避宿主免疫系统的既定能力，以确保其在宿主细胞内的存活和持续存在。其机制包括关键 microRNAs（miRNAs）表达的颠覆，这些 miRNAs 参与宿主先天和适应性免疫反应的调节。几项研究报告了在活动性结核病和潜伏性结核感染 (LTBI) 期间 miRNA 的差异表达，表明它们有可能作为疾病进展和对抗结核治疗反应的生物标志物。本综述重点介绍了参与结核病发病机制的 miRNAs 以及在 TB 期间诱导的 miRNAs 调节细胞抗菌反应的机制。对最近文献的仔细研究确定了一组 miRNA，它们在活动性 TB 与 LTBI 或与治疗性 TB 之间存在差异表达，可被提议作为候选生物标志物。
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