Precision machinery and precision instruments, Institute of Engineering and Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, P. R. China.
Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui, P. R. China.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2020;29(3):628-637. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.202009_29(3).0023.
To examine the association of dietary diversity and physical activity with lipidrelated indices in a Beijing population.
This cross-sectional study included 21,472 participants (72.3% men) aged 16 to 78 years. Data were obtained through a physical examination that included anthropometric measurements, biochemical tests, and questionnaires. The dietary diversity score (0-8) was calculated according to the baseline consumption frequencies of eight food groups (cereals, fruits, vegetables, meat, eggs, fish, dairy, and legumes). Physical activity level was classified as low, moderate, or high according to International Physical Activity Questionnaire scoring protocol. Abnormalities in lipid-related indices were assessed using the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines.
Compared with individuals with poor dietary diversity (score 0-5), higher dietary diversity was associated with lower risk of abnormal levels of triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Dairy intake was associated with a lower risk of having a high triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio after adjusting for potential covariates. Participants with the lowest risk of abnormal lipid profiles were those who had high levels of physical activity.
Dietary diversity and physical activity level were associated with lipid-related indices. Therefore, to maintain healthy lipid profiles in the general population, improving dietary diversity and physical activity is essential.
本研究旨在探讨北京人群中饮食多样性和身体活动与血脂相关指标的关系。
这是一项横断面研究，共纳入 21472 名年龄在 16 至 78 岁的参与者（72.3%为男性）。数据来自体检，包括人体测量、生化检查和问卷调查。饮食多样性评分（0-8 分）根据基线时 8 类食物（谷物、水果、蔬菜、肉类、蛋类、鱼类、乳制品和豆类）的消费频率计算。根据国际体力活动问卷评分方案，将身体活动水平分为低、中、高。采用美国国家胆固醇教育计划成人治疗专家组 III 指南的标准评估血脂相关指标异常。
与饮食多样性较差（评分 0-5）的个体相比，较高的饮食多样性与甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平异常的风险降低相关。在调整了潜在混杂因素后，乳制品的摄入与甘油三酯/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值异常的风险降低相关。身体活动水平最高的参与者血脂异常的风险最低。
饮食多样性和身体活动水平与血脂相关指标有关。因此，为了维持普通人群健康的血脂谱，改善饮食多样性和身体活动是必要的。
