Precision Machinery and Precision Instruments, Institute of Engineering and Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
Lipids Health Dis. 2020 Nov 23;19(1):244. doi: 10.1186/s12944-020-01420-6.
To explore the relationship between dietary patterns, physical activity and lipid-related indices in Chinese Population.
This study included 21,472 (72.3% men) participants aged 16 to 78 years. Data of anthropometric measurements, biochemical tests and questionnaires were collected through a physical examination. Diet patterns were identified through factor analysis and five patterns were retained ("meat," "high-energy," "high-protein," "healthy" and "traditional Chinese"). Physical activity was classified into low, moderate, or high. Abnormalities in lipid indices were assessed using the Adult Treatment Panel III criterion.
Higher factor scores of "high-protein" pattern and "healthy" pattern were found to be related to favorable lipid indices. Quartiles 3 and 4 of "meat" pattern showed increased risks of having elevates total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. Participants with higher levels of physical activity showed lowest risk of abnormal lipid profiles. All the associations were equally established among men, while most were no longer significant among women.
Higher physical activity level and a dietary pattern consists of high-quality protein foods, vegetables and fruits were associated with favorable lipid profiles, and these lifestyle factors were related to the risk of dyslipidemia in a sex-specific way.
探讨中国人群的饮食模式、身体活动与血脂相关指标之间的关系。
本研究纳入了 21472 名（72.3%为男性）年龄在 16 至 78 岁的参与者。通过体检收集了人体测量学指标、生化检验和问卷调查的数据。通过因子分析确定饮食模式，保留了 5 种模式：“肉类”、“高热量”、“高蛋白”、“健康”和“传统中式”。身体活动分为低、中、高三个等级。采用成人治疗组 III 标准评估血脂指标异常情况。
“高蛋白”和“健康”模式的因子得分较高与血脂指标较好有关。“肉类”模式的第 3 四分位数和第 4 四分位数显示总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度升高的风险增加。身体活动水平较高的参与者发生血脂异常的风险最低。所有关联在男性中均成立，而在女性中大多数关联不再显著。
更高的身体活动水平和富含优质蛋白质食物、蔬菜和水果的饮食模式与良好的血脂谱相关，这些生活方式因素与血脂异常的风险呈性别特异性相关。
