Department of Midwifery, University of West Attica, 12243 Psachna, Greece.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 27;17(19):7069. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197069.
This qualitative research is the second part of a quantitative research that aims at recording the phenomenon of violence in pregnancy. The first part was carried out during August and September 2009 (N = 546). It was found out that the rate partner's violence was 6%, while for 3.4% of the pregnant women, abuse started after the pregnancy. In the second part of this research, the semi-structured interview was used to investigate the way pregnant women experience violence. The sample comprised seven women abused by their partner (Ν = 7) at the women's shelters of "Mitera" Babies' Center and the National Social Solidarity Center between September 2010 and December 2011 and who accepted to participate in the research. The targets of the research were the investigation of the risk factors for the manifestation of violence, the profile of the victim and the perpetrator, the consequences of abuse for the woman, her reproductive health and the fetus. The majority of the abused pregnant women were foreigners and only two were Greek. The latter had experienced severe traumas (physical and psychological) since their childhood. Violence in their lives is the main characteristic of the foreign women seeking a better life in Greece, too. Alcohol use or abuse by the partners, poor socioeconomic background of the mothers and their partners, and pregnancy per se are the main risk factors of the violence against women in this period of their lives. Violence resulted in miscarriage in one case, while abortion was the alternative chosen by another as a solution to social exclusion and possible domestic violence. Anxiety and despair were the main psychological consequences. The small number of women included in the collection of qualitative data is a limitation for the research and decreases the reliability index of its results.
本研究为一项定量研究的第二部分,旨在记录孕期暴力现象。第一部分研究于 2009 年 8 月至 9 月间进行(N=546),发现伴侣暴力的发生率为 6%,而对于 3.4%的孕妇,虐待始于怀孕后。在本研究的第二部分中,采用半结构化访谈调查孕妇对暴力的体验。研究样本包括 2010 年 9 月至 2011 年 12 月期间在“Mitera”婴儿中心妇女庇护所和国家社会团结中心遭受伴侣虐待的 7 名妇女(Ν=7),她们同意参与研究。研究的目的是调查暴力表现的风险因素、受害者和施害者的特征、虐待对妇女、其生殖健康和胎儿的后果。受虐待的孕妇大多数是外国人,只有两名是希腊人。后者在童年时期经历了严重的创伤(身体和心理)。在希腊,对生活的追求也是这些外国妇女生活中的主要特征。伴侣酗酒或滥用药物、母亲及其伴侣较差的社会经济背景以及怀孕本身是该时期女性暴力的主要风险因素。暴力导致 1 例流产,而另 1 例则选择堕胎作为避免社会排斥和可能的家庭暴力的方法。焦虑和绝望是主要的心理后果。定性数据收集的妇女数量较少是研究的一个限制因素,降低了其结果的可靠性指标。