Division of Chronic Disease Control, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 187 Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28159, Korea.
Department of Food and Resource Economics, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University Graduate School, 145 Anamro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 26;17(19):7040. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197040.
Previous studies have analyzed the impact of diabetes mellitus on labor market participation by men and women, but gender difference between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and employment has not been the focus. This study aims to explore gender differences between T2DM and employment status. Data from the Korea Health Panel Study, 2013-2015 were analyzed by distinguishingT2DM and non-diabetes ( = 11,216). The empirical model was established and the generalized two-stage least squares (2SLS) was estimated, controlling for endogeneity. A family history of diabetes, as an instrumental variable, was related to an individual's genetic predisposition to develop diabetes. The estimated results for the 2SLS showed the interaction effects between T2DM and employment. T2DM had a statistically significant and negative effect on employment for women only. The comparison with non-diabetes showed that women with T2DM had a lower probability of employment by 51.9% ( < 0.05). Exposing gender bias in employment suggests that healthcare policies and disease management programs for diabetic patients should adopt gender-specific remedies.
先前的研究分析了男性和女性糖尿病对劳动力市场参与的影响，但 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）与就业之间的性别差异尚未成为关注焦点。本研究旨在探讨 T2DM 与就业状况之间的性别差异。本研究使用 2013-2015 年韩国健康面板研究的数据，通过区分 T2DM 和非糖尿病患者（=11216）进行分析。建立了实证模型，并采用广义两阶段最小二乘法（2SLS）进行估计，以控制内生性。糖尿病家族史作为工具变量与个体患糖尿病的遗传易感性有关。2SLS 的估计结果显示了 T2DM 和就业之间的交互效应。仅对女性而言，T2DM 对就业具有统计学意义和负面影响。与非糖尿病患者相比，T2DM 女性的就业概率降低了 51.9%（<0.05）。这表明在就业方面存在性别偏见，因此，针对糖尿病患者的医疗保健政策和疾病管理计划应采取针对性别的补救措施。
