Department of Psychosocial Work Environment, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Section of Social Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Chronobiol Int. 2020 Sep-Oct;37(9-10):1384-1391. doi: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1824671. Epub 2020 Sep 30.
Employees working at night are at increased risk of diabetes. A possible mechanism is related to differences in glucose regulation at night. Laboratory simulated night work studies show regulation of blood glucose is impaired at night. Regular exposure to high glucose levels at night may explain the observed relationship between night work and diabetes. We performed a field study of 19 nonsmoking women from the health-care sector to investigate how night work and the composition of meals affect post-prandial blood glucose levels. Blood glucose levels were self-assessed by finger-prick blood sampling using the Beurer blood glucose monitoring system. Measurements were done before and 15, 30, 60, and 120 min after different test meals: a nighttime high sugar meal during a night shift and during a day shift, and a reference (low sugar) meal under these same two conditions. There was a statistically significant difference in blood glucose concentration between the four test meal conditions ( = .0086). Post-meal blood glucose levels following the night-shift meals, compared to following daytime meals, rose faster and remained elevated for longer a duration of time. At the 15 min time point following the high sugar test meal, the blood glucose concentration was 8.3 mmol/L when consumed at night vs. 7.3 mmol/L when consumed during the day. We found no difference in area under the blood glucose concentration-time curve (AUC) after consumption of the high or low sugar test meals during the night shift compared with consumption of them during the day. Our findings indicate the glucose levels in response to food intake by female night working healthcare assistants are higher following the nighttime compared with daytime consumption of a high sugar content meal. However, we did not find a difference in total glucose exposure across time (assessed as AUC) after eating a high vs. low sugar meal during the night shift.
夜间工作的员工患糖尿病的风险增加。一种可能的机制与夜间葡萄糖调节的差异有关。实验室模拟夜间工作的研究表明，夜间血糖调节受损。夜间经常暴露于高血糖水平可能解释了夜间工作与糖尿病之间的观察到的关系。我们对来自医疗保健部门的 19 名不吸烟的女性进行了一项现场研究，以调查夜间工作和膳食组成如何影响餐后血糖水平。使用 Beurer 血糖监测系统通过指尖采血自我评估血糖水平。在不同测试餐前后进行测量：夜班和白班期间的夜间高糖餐，以及在这两种情况下的参考（低糖）餐。在四种测试餐条件下，血糖浓度存在统计学上的显著差异（ =.0086）。与白天用餐相比，夜间用餐后的餐后血糖水平上升更快，持续时间更长。在高糖测试餐后 15 分钟，当在夜间摄入时，血糖浓度为 8.3mmol/L，而在白天摄入时为 7.3mmol/L。我们发现，夜间与白天相比，高糖或低糖测试餐的餐后血糖浓度-时间曲线下面积（AUC）没有差异。我们的研究结果表明，女性夜间工作的医疗保健助理在夜间摄入高糖含量的食物后，血糖水平比白天高。然而，我们没有发现夜间摄入高糖与低糖餐后的总葡萄糖暴露量（通过 AUC 评估）存在差异。
