Adeleke Bartholomew Saanu, Babalola Olubukola Oluranti
Food Security and Safety Niche Area Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences North-West University Mmabatho South Africa.
Food Sci Nutr. 2020 Jul 31;8(9):4666-4684. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.1783. eCollection 2020 Sep.
The use of biofertilizers in developing environmentally friendly agriculture as an alternative to chemical-based fertilizers in enhancing food production is promising in sustainable agriculture for the improvement in the yield of some commercial crops such as sunflowers and other oilseed crops in terms of quality and quantity. Sunflower is an important oilseed crop native to South America and currently cultivated throughout the world. Generally, the sunflower is considered important based on its nutritional and medicinal value. Due to its beneficial health effects, sunflower has been recognized as functional foods or nutraceutical, although not yet fully harnessed. Sunflower contains mineral elements and phytochemicals such as dietary fiber, manganese, vitamins, tocopherols, phytosterols, triterpene glycosides, α-tocopherol, glutathione reductase, flavonoids, phenolic acids, carotenoids, peptides, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins; and these compounds contribute to their functional and nutraceutical development. The extract from sunflower is known to be a potential source of antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antioxidants agents that protect human cells against harmful reactive oxygen molecules and pathogenic microorganisms. Also, the pharmacological survey on sunflower had revealed its curative power to different kinds of diseases. The health benefits of sunflower include blood pressure and diabetic control, skin protection, and lowering cholesterol and other functions. This review is written with appropriate referencing to previously published work and provides updated information regarding the new method of organic farming for sunflower production, nutritional and health benefits, and its by-products as human diet and livestock feed. Also, the constraints of sunflower production are elucidated.
在发展环境友好型农业中使用生物肥料作为化学肥料的替代品来提高粮食产量，对于可持续农业而言，有望提高一些经济作物（如向日葵和其他油料作物）的产量，包括质量和数量方面。向日葵是一种原产于南美洲的重要油料作物，目前在世界各地均有种植。一般来说，向日葵因其营养和药用价值而被视为重要作物。由于其对健康有益，向日葵已被视为功能性食品或营养保健品，尽管尚未得到充分利用。向日葵含有矿物质元素和植物化学物质，如膳食纤维、锰、维生素、生育酚、植物甾醇、三萜糖苷、α-生育酚、谷胱甘肽还原酶、黄酮类化合物、酚酸、类胡萝卜素、肽、绿原酸、咖啡酸、生物碱、单宁和皂苷；这些化合物有助于其功能性和营养保健品的开发。已知向日葵提取物是抗菌、抗炎、抗肿瘤和抗氧化剂的潜在来源，可保护人体细胞免受有害活性氧分子和致病微生物的侵害。此外，对向日葵的药理学研究表明其对多种疾病具有治疗作用。向日葵的健康益处包括控制血压和糖尿病、保护皮肤以及降低胆固醇等功能。本综述适当参考了先前发表的研究成果，提供了有关向日葵生产的有机耕作新方法、营养和健康益处及其作为人类饮食和牲畜饲料的副产品的最新信息。此外，还阐明了向日葵生产的限制因素。
