Ryoo Jang Jin, Lee Kyung-Sun, Koo Jung-Wan
Graduate School of Public Health, The Catholic University of Korea, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Republic of Korea.
Saf Health Work. 2020 Sep;11(3):335-346. doi: 10.1016/j.shaw.2020.05.004. Epub 2020 Jun 14.
Nursing service is a nonroutine work with an excessive physical load and diverse tasks. This study derived representative common tasks based on the frequently occurring tasks with a high physical load in the nursing workers' daily work and developed indicators to evaluate the work risk by reflecting the characteristics of nonroutine work.
Common tasks were classified through the following stages: literature review, first focus group interview (FGI) with experts, first classification of common tasks, second FGI with hospital health managers, a survey of nursing service workers, and the final classification of common tasks for each task type. To develop an objective risk index for physical load assessment, we investigated the frequency and duration of the derived common tasks via survey.
Nursing common tasks were categorized into six task types and 56 subtasks. To evaluate the risks of various tasks in nonroutine works, three frequencies and three working time levels were defined by examining the task frequency and working hours. Exposure time was defined to reflect the characteristics of a nonroutine job. The final risk assessment was the product of the exposure time level and job intensity level. From this, four risk action levels were derived.
This study has the advantage of solving the problem of focusing on some tasks in evaluating the physical load. It was meaningful in that a new risk assessment index based on exposure time was proposed based on the development of an evaluation scale for frequency and time by reflecting the characteristics of nonroutine work.
护理工作是一项体力负荷过重且任务多样的非日常工作。本研究基于护理人员日常工作中频繁出现且体力负荷高的任务得出具有代表性的常见任务，并通过反映非日常工作的特点来制定评估工作风险的指标。
常见任务通过以下阶段进行分类：文献综述、与专家进行的首次焦点小组访谈（FGI）、常见任务的首次分类、与医院健康管理人员进行的第二次FGI、护理服务人员调查以及每种任务类型的常见任务最终分类。为了制定用于体力负荷评估的客观风险指数，我们通过调查研究了得出的常见任务的频率和持续时间。
护理常见任务被分为六种任务类型和56个子任务。为了评估非日常工作中各种任务的风险，通过检查任务频率和工作时间定义了三个频率和三个工作时间级别。定义暴露时间以反映非日常工作的特点。最终风险评估是暴露时间级别和工作强度级别的乘积。由此得出四个风险行动级别。
本研究具有解决在评估体力负荷时只关注某些任务这一问题的优势。其意义在于通过反映非日常工作的特点，在制定频率和时间评估量表的基础上，提出了基于暴露时间的新风险评估指标。
