Erickson-DiRenzo Elizabeth, Singh S P, Martinez Joshua D, Sanchez Santiago E, Easwaran Meena, Valdez Tulio A
Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Analyst. 2020 Nov 23;145(23):7709-7717. doi: 10.1039/d0an01570a.
Raman spectroscopic methods are being projected as novel tools to study the early invisible molecular level changes in a label-free manner. In the present study, we have used Raman spectroscopy to explore the earliest biochemical changes in murine vocal folds in response to time-bound cigarette smoke exposure. Mice were exposed to cigarette smoke for 2 or 4-weeks through a customized smoke inhalation system. The larynx was collected and initial evaluations using standard methods of analysis such as histopathology and immunofluorescence was performed. Concurrent unstained sections were used for Raman imaging. Two common pathological features of vocal fold disorders including alterations in collagen content and epithelial hypercellularity, or hyperplasia, were observed. The mean spectra, principal component analysis, and Raman mapping also revealed differences in the collagen content and hypercellularity in the smoke exposed tissues. The differences in 2-week exposed tissues were found to be more prominent as compared to 4-week. This was attributed to adaptive responses and the already reported biphasic effects, which suggest that collagen synthesis is significantly reduced at higher cigarette smoke concentrations. Overall findings of the study are supportive of the prospective application of Raman imaging in monitoring changes due to cigarette smoke in the vocal folds.
拉曼光谱法正被视为一种以无标记方式研究早期不可见分子水平变化的新型工具。在本研究中，我们使用拉曼光谱来探索小鼠声带在限时接触香烟烟雾后最早的生化变化。通过定制的烟雾吸入系统，让小鼠接触香烟烟雾2周或4周。收集喉部，并使用组织病理学和免疫荧光等标准分析方法进行初步评估。同时，未染色的切片用于拉曼成像。观察到声带疾病的两个常见病理特征，包括胶原蛋白含量的改变和上皮细胞增多或增生。平均光谱、主成分分析和拉曼映射也揭示了烟雾暴露组织中胶原蛋白含量和细胞增多的差异。发现与4周暴露的组织相比，2周暴露的组织中的差异更为显著。这归因于适应性反应和已报道的双相效应，这表明在较高的香烟烟雾浓度下胶原蛋白合成显著减少。该研究的总体结果支持拉曼成像在监测声带因香烟烟雾引起的变化方面的前瞻性应用。
