阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者中慢性失眠的患病率。
Prevalence of chronic insomnia in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.
机构信息
Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
出版信息
Braz J Psychiatry. 2021 Jul-Aug;43(4):370-375. doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0814.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the prevalence of and factors associated with chronic insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (CIOSA) comorbidity in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients.
METHODS
Between March 2014 and March 2015, we conducted a prospective, cross-sectional study of 238 adults diagnosed with OSA according to polysomnography and International Classification of Sleep Disorders-Third Edition criteria.
RESULTS
The prevalence of CIOSA was 29%. There was a trend towards older age in the CIOSA group. Sex was not associated with CIOSA. Sleep-maintenance and sleep-onset insomnia predominated in the sample. Beck's depression and anxiety inventory scores were higher in the CIOSA group. Both depression and anxiety symptoms were associated with CIOSA. The arousal and apnea-hypopnea indices were lower in the CIOSA group. CIOSA was also associated with age ≥ 60 years and current tobacco use. Severe OSA and alcohol use were negatively associated with CIOSA.
CONCLUSIONS
Chronic insomnia is prevalent among OSA patients. Our study highlights the need for detailed evaluation of patients with sleep breathing disorders to diagnose other important sleep and mood disorders (such as depression and anxiety), given their frequent association.
目的
调查阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）患者中慢性失眠和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（CIOSA）共病的患病率及相关因素。
方法
我们于 2014 年 3 月至 2015 年 3 月进行了一项前瞻性、横断面研究，共纳入 238 名根据多导睡眠图和国际睡眠障碍分类第三版标准诊断为 OSA 的成年人。
结果
CIOSA 的患病率为 29%。CIOSA 组的年龄呈递增趋势。性别与 CIOSA 无关。睡眠维持和入睡性失眠在样本中占主导地位。CIOSA 组贝克抑郁和焦虑量表评分较高。抑郁和焦虑症状均与 CIOSA 相关。觉醒和呼吸暂停低通气指数在 CIOSA 组较低。CIOSA 还与年龄≥60 岁和当前吸烟有关。严重的 OSA 和饮酒与 CIOSA 呈负相关。
结论
慢性失眠在 OSA 患者中较为常见。我们的研究强调了需要对患有睡眠呼吸障碍的患者进行详细评估，以诊断其他重要的睡眠和情绪障碍（如抑郁和焦虑），因为它们经常同时存在。
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