SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Global Health Research Institute, School of Health and Human Development, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK.
Pediatr Obes. 2021 Apr;16(4):e12737. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12737. Epub 2020 Sep 30.
To examine associations between maternal body mass index (BMI), gestational weight gain (GWG) and fetal growth and neonatal adiposity in urban South Africans.
Maternal BMI was assessed at recruitment and GWG (kg/week) was calculated. Longitudinal fetal growth was measured via ultrasound and modelled using Superimposition by Translation and Rotation (SITAR). Neonatal adiposity was assessed using air displacement plethysmography or dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Multiple linear regression models were used to examine associations between maternal BMI, GWG and SITAR fetal growth parameters and neonatal fat mass index (FMI; kg/m ) in 304 mother-neonate pairs.
In pooled analyses, longitudinally modelled abdominal circumference size (β = 0.64 kg/m , P < .001) and velocity (β = 8.39 kg/m , P < .001) and biparietal diameter velocity (β = 4.55 kg/m , P = .020) were positively associated with neonatal FMI. GWG was positively associated with neonatal FMI in preliminary models (β = 1.07 kg/m per 1 kg/week; P = .040), with pooled models indicating mediation via fetal growth.
In utero abdominal growth is predictive of neonatal adiposity. Additionally, greater fetal growth - particularly of the abdominal circumference - mediates the effect of GWG on neonatal adiposity. In settings such as South Africa, strategies to ensure healthy pregnancy weight gain can contribute to prevention of intergenerational obesity risk.
探讨南非城市孕妇的体重指数（BMI）、妊娠增重（GWG）与胎儿生长和新生儿肥胖的关系。
在招募时评估孕妇 BMI，计算 GWG（kg/周）。通过超声测量纵向胎儿生长，并使用平移和旋转叠加（SITAR）进行建模。使用空气置换体描记术或双能 X 射线吸收法评估新生儿脂肪量指数（FMI；kg/m ）。使用多元线性回归模型，在 304 对母婴对中，检验母体 BMI、GWG 和 SITAR 胎儿生长参数与新生儿脂肪量指数（FMI；kg/m ）之间的关系。
在汇总分析中，纵向建模的腹围大小（β=0.64kg/m ，P<.001）和速度（β=8.39kg/m ，P<.001）以及双顶径速度（β=4.55kg/m ，P=.020）与新生儿 FMI 呈正相关。GWG 与新生儿 FMI 在初步模型中呈正相关（β=1.07kg/m ，每周增加 1kg/周；P=0.040），汇总模型表明其通过胎儿生长介导。
宫内腹部生长可预测新生儿肥胖。此外，较大的胎儿生长，特别是腹围的生长，介导了 GWG 对新生儿肥胖的影响。在南非等国家，确保健康妊娠体重增加的策略有助于预防代际肥胖风险。
