Rychlik Andrzej, Gonkowski Sławomir, Całka Jarosław, Makowska Krystyna
Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 14, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland.
Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Sep 28;10(10):1759. doi: 10.3390/ani10101759.
Canine inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of enteropathies with nonspecific chronic symptoms and poorly understood etiology. Many aspects connected with IBD are not understood. One of them is the participation of the intestinal nervous system in the development of pathological processes. Thus, this study aimed to demonstrate changes in the density of intramucosal nerve fibers containing vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-one of the most important intestinal nervous factors caused by the various stages of IBD development. Mucosal biopsy specimens collected from the duodenum, jejunum and descending colon of healthy dogs and dogs with varied severity of IBD were included in the experiment. The density of VIP-like immunoreactive (VIP-LI) nerves was determined by a single immunofluorescence technique and a semi-quantitative method consisting in VIP-LI fiber counts in the field of view (0.1 mm). The obtained results indicate that IBD induces changes in the density of mucosal VIP-LI nerve fibers in the canine gastrointestinal tract. The initial decrease is followed by an increase in VIP-like immunoreactivity in successive stages of the disease. These observations show that VIP is a neuronal factor that participates in the pathological processes connected with canine IBD. The observed changes probably result from the neuroprotective and/or adaptive properties of VIP. Protective and adaptive reactions induced by inflammation aim to protect the GI tract against damage by proinflammatory factors and ensure the homeostasis in the enteric nervous system (ENS) under the conditions changed by the disease process.
犬炎性肠病（IBD）是一组具有非特异性慢性症状且病因不明的肠病。与IBD相关的许多方面尚不清楚。其中之一是肠道神经系统在病理过程发展中的作用。因此，本研究旨在证明在IBD发展的各个阶段，含有血管活性肠肽（VIP）——最重要的肠道神经因子之一的黏膜内神经纤维密度的变化。实验纳入了从健康犬以及患有不同严重程度IBD的犬的十二指肠、空肠和降结肠采集的黏膜活检标本。通过单免疫荧光技术和一种半定量方法（即在视野（0.1平方毫米）内对VIP样免疫反应性（VIP-LI）纤维进行计数）来确定VIP样免疫反应性神经的密度。所得结果表明，IBD会引起犬胃肠道黏膜VIP-LI神经纤维密度的变化。在疾病的连续阶段，最初的降低之后是VIP样免疫反应性的增加。这些观察结果表明，VIP是一种参与与犬IBD相关病理过程的神经因子。观察到的变化可能是由于VIP的神经保护和/或适应性特性所致。炎症诱导的保护和适应性反应旨在保护胃肠道免受促炎因子的损害，并在疾病过程改变的条件下确保肠神经系统（ENS）的稳态。
