Research for Aging Populations, Optum, 315 E. Eisenhower Parkway, Suite 305, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA.
Research for Aging Populations, Optum, 315 E. Eisenhower Parkway, Suite 305, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA.
Geriatr Nurs. 2021 Mar-Apr;42(2):502-508. doi: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2020.09.007. Epub 2020 Sep 29.
Our objective was to investigate the additive properties of five psychosocial protective factors: purpose-in-life, resilience, optimism, internal locus of control and social connections. Self-reported psychological (depression, stress) and physical (health status, functionality) health outcomes and measured healthcare utilization and expenditures were included. The study sample was identified from adults age ≥65 who completed a health survey during May-June 2019 (N = 3,577). Each of the five protective factors was dichotomized as high/low (1/0) and counted with equal weighting. The protective factors were additive such that significant improvements in psychological and physical health outcomes were evident across factor subgroups: as the number of factors increased, health outcomes improved. The magnitude of the improvements was greatest between 0 and 1 factor. In addition, a significant linear trend for reduced healthcare expenditures ($1,356 reduction per factor added) was evident. Interventions promoting at least one protective factor would be beneficial for older adult populations.
生活目标、韧性、乐观、内部控制点和社会联系。包括自我报告的心理（抑郁、压力）和生理（健康状况、功能）健康结果以及测量的医疗保健利用和支出。研究样本是从在 2019 年 5 月至 6 月期间完成健康调查的年龄≥65 岁的成年人中确定的（N=3577）。五个保护因素均被分为高低（1/0）两种，并以相同权重进行计数。保护因素具有累加性，即随着因素亚组数量的增加，心理健康和生理健康结果明显改善：在 0 到 1 个因素之间，改善幅度最大。此外，医疗保健支出减少（每增加一个因素减少 1356 美元）的显著线性趋势也是显而易见的。促进至少一个保护因素的干预措施将有益于老年人群体。
