Hurst Philip, Ring Christopher, Kavussanu Maria
School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, UK.
School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK.
J Sci Med Sport. 2021 Mar;24(3):307-311. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Sep 23.
Our study objectives were twofold: 1) examine whether users and non-users of different types of sport supplements vary in doping attitudes and sport supplement beliefs, and 2) determine whether the type of sport supplement is directly and indirectly (via sport supplement beliefs) related to doping attitudes.
Cross-sectional survey.
Athletes (N=557; 77% male, mean±standard deviation; age=20.8±4.5 years, training=5.7±4.2h per week, competing=11.1±5.2 years) completed measures of sport supplement use, sport supplement beliefs, and doping attitudes. Sport supplements were classified into: ergogenic, medical, sport food and drinks, and superfoods.
Compared to non-users, users of ergogenic (d=0.31, p<0.01) and medical (d=0.42, p<0.01) sport supplements reported more favourable attitudes towards doping. In addition, compared to non-users, users of ergogenic (d=1.10, p<0.01), medical (d=0.80, p<0.01) and sport food/drink (d=0.58, p<0.01) supplements reported stronger beliefs in the effectiveness of sport supplements to improve sport performance. Use of ergogenic, medical and sport food/drink supplements was indirectly related to doping attitudes via sport supplement beliefs.
Researchers examining the relationship between sport supplement use and doping should differentiate between sport supplement types to improve measurement accuracy. Sport practitioners administering ergogenic and medical sport supplements to athletes may need to provide additional anti-doping education to counteract any favourable attitudes towards doping.
我们的研究目标有两个：1）研究不同类型运动补剂的使用者和非使用者在兴奋剂态度和运动补剂信念方面是否存在差异；2）确定运动补剂的类型是否直接以及间接（通过运动补剂信念）与兴奋剂态度相关。
横断面调查。
运动员（N = 557；77%为男性，均值±标准差；年龄 = 20.8±4.5岁，每周训练时间 = 5.7±4.2小时，参赛时间 = 11.1±5.2年）完成了运动补剂使用情况、运动补剂信念和兴奋剂态度的测量。运动补剂分为：促力型、医疗型、运动食品和饮料以及超级食品。
与非使用者相比，促力型（d = 0.31，p < 0.01）和医疗型（d = 0.42，p < 0.01）运动补剂的使用者对使用兴奋剂持更积极的态度。此外，与非使用者相比，促力型（d = 1.10，p < 0.01）、医疗型（d = 0.80，p < 0.01）和运动食品/饮料（d = 0.58，p < 0.01）补剂的使用者对运动补剂提高运动成绩的有效性有更强的信念。促力型、医疗型和运动食品/饮料补剂的使用通过运动补剂信念与兴奋剂态度间接相关。
研究运动补剂使用与兴奋剂之间关系的研究人员应区分运动补剂类型，以提高测量准确性。为运动员提供促力型和医疗型运动补剂的体育从业者可能需要提供额外的反兴奋剂教育，以抵消对使用兴奋剂的任何积极态度。
