Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
National Council on Science and Technology, Mexico City, Mexico.
Public Health Nutr. 2021 Sep;24(13):4113-4123. doi: 10.1017/S1368980020002803. Epub 2020 Oct 1.
To evaluate the associations of pregestational BMI, gestational weight gain (GWG) and breast-feeding at 1 month postpartum with four patterns of weight change during the first year after delivery: postpartum weight retention (PPWR), postpartum weight gain (PPWG), postpartum weight retention + gain (PPWR + WG) and return to pregestational weight.
In this secondary analysis of a prospective study, we categorised postpartum weight change into four patterns using pregestational weight and weights at 1, 6 and 12 months postpartum. We evaluated their associations with pregestational BMI, GWG and breast-feeding using multinomial logistic regression. Results are presented as relative risk ratios (RRR) and 95 % CI.
Mexico City.
Women participating in the Programming Research in Obesity, Growth, Environment and Social Stressors pregnancy cohort.
Five hundred women were included (53 % of the cohort). Most women returned to their pregestational weight by 1 year postpartum (57 %); 8 % experienced PPWR, 14 % PPWG and 21 % PPWR + WG. Compared with normal weight, pregestational overweight (RRR 2·5, 95 % CI 1·3, 4·8) and obesity (RRR 2·2, 95 % CI 1·0, 4·7) were associated with a higher risk of PPWG. Exclusive breast-feeding, compared with no breast-feeding, was associated with a lower risk of PPWR (RRR 0·3, 95 % CI 0·1, 0·9). Excessive GWG, compared with adequate, was associated with a higher risk of PPWR (RRR 3·3, 95 % CI 1·6, 6·9) and PPWR + WG (RRR 2·4, 95 % CI 1·4, 4·2).
Targeting women with pregestational overweight or obesity and excessive GWG, as well as promoting breast-feeding, may impact the pattern of weight change after delivery and long-term women's health.
评估孕前体重指数（BMI）、妊娠期体重增加（GWG）和产后 1 个月母乳喂养与产后 1 年内 4 种体重变化模式的关系：产后体重滞留（PPWR）、产后体重增加（PPWG）、产后体重滞留+增加（PPWR+WG）和恢复到孕前体重。
在一项前瞻性研究的二次分析中，我们使用孕前体重和产后 1、6 和 12 个月的体重将产后体重变化分为 4 种模式。我们使用多变量逻辑回归评估了它们与孕前 BMI、GWG 和母乳喂养的关系。结果表示为相对风险比（RRR）和 95 %置信区间。
墨西哥城。
参加肥胖、生长、环境和社会应激源编程研究妊娠队列的女性。
共纳入 500 名女性（队列的 53 %）；大多数女性在产后 1 年内恢复到孕前体重（57 %）；8 %经历了 PPWR，14 %经历了 PPWG，21 %经历了 PPWR+WG。与正常体重相比，孕前超重（RRR 2.5，95 %CI 1.3，4.8）和肥胖（RRR 2.2，95 %CI 1.0，4.7）与 PPWG 风险增加相关。与不母乳喂养相比，纯母乳喂养与 PPWR 风险降低相关（RRR 0.3，95 %CI 0.1，0.9）。与适量 GWG 相比，过多 GWG 与 PPWR（RRR 3.3，95 %CI 1.6，6.9）和 PPWR+WG（RRR 2.4，95 %CI 1.4，4.2）风险增加相关。
针对孕前超重或肥胖以及 GWG 过多的女性，并促进母乳喂养，可能会影响产后体重变化模式和长期女性健康。
