Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Blood Transfus. 2021 Jan;19(1):24-33. doi: 10.2450/2020.0049-20. Epub 2020 Jul 22.
Blood donors of African origin are under-represented in high-income Western countries, while their extended blood types closely match chronic transfusion patients with similar ancestral backgrounds. To prevent alloimunisation, it is important to recruit and retain more African blood donors. The aim of this study was to gain insight into blood donation barriers and motivators of individuals of African origin, and to assess how these are associated with the intention to donate blood.
An online survey sample included 300 participants of sub-Saharan African, Afro-Surinamese and Afro-Caribbean origin living in the Netherlands. They ranked 25 barriers and 19 motivators on the level of impediment and facilitation in blood donation. We compared differences in barriers and motivators between ever- and never-donors and tested associations with the intention to donate blood using univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses, adjusted for gender, age, ethnicity, immigrant generation, educational level, and blood donation history.
Receiving information about the donation procedure was a highly ranked motivator especially among never-donors (50%) and was positively associated with the intention to donate (p<0.05). Non-monetary incentives, convenience factors and awareness were other important motivators. Highly ranked barriers related to fears and not feeling healthy enough to donate, although only "believing donation is scary or stressful" (reported by 8% of the ever-donors and 25% of the never-donors) remained significantly associated with intention to donate in the multivariate model (p<0.05). Recipient preferences, religion and distrust were less often reported and were not associated with donation intention.
The highest ranked barriers and motivators were not necessarily the best predictors of donation intention. These findings have valuable implications for future interventions focussing on individuals of African origin.
在高收入的西方国家，非裔献血者的代表性不足，而他们的扩展血型与具有相似祖先背景的慢性输血患者非常匹配。为了防止同种异体免疫，招募和留住更多的非裔献血者非常重要。本研究旨在深入了解非裔个体的献血障碍和动机，并评估这些因素与献血意愿之间的关联。
一项在线调查样本包括 300 名居住在荷兰的撒哈拉以南非洲人、非裔苏里南人和非裔加勒比人的个体。他们根据在献血方面的阻碍和促进程度，对 25 个障碍和 19 个动机进行了排名。我们比较了曾经和从未献血者之间的障碍和动机差异，并使用单变量和多变量线性回归分析来测试与献血意愿的关联，调整了性别、年龄、族裔、移民代际、教育水平和献血史等因素。
获得有关献血过程的信息是一个非常受重视的动机，尤其是对从未献血者（50%）而言，并且与献血意愿呈正相关（p<0.05）。非货币激励、便利因素和意识是其他重要的动机。排名较高的障碍与恐惧和感觉自己身体不够健康而无法献血有关，尽管只有“认为献血可怕或有压力”（曾献血者中 8%和未献血者中 25%的人报告）在多变量模型中仍然与献血意愿显著相关（p<0.05）。受血者偏好、宗教和不信任感的报告较少，与献血意愿无关。
排名最高的障碍和动机不一定是献血意愿的最佳预测因素。这些发现对未来专注于非裔个体的干预措施具有重要意义。
