数字化与老年人的社交生活：一项微观纵向研究方案

Digitalization and the Social Lives of Older Adults: Protocol for a Microlongitudinal Study.

作者信息

Macdonald Birthe, Hülür Gizem

机构信息

URPP Dynamics of Healthy Aging, Institute of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States.

出版信息

JMIR Res Protoc. 2020 Oct 1;9(10):e20306. doi: 10.2196/20306.

DOI:10.2196/20306

PMID:33001037

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7563633/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Digital technologies are increasingly pervading our daily lives. Although older adults started using digital technologies later than other age groups, they are increasingly adopting these technologies, especially with the goal of communicating with others. However, less is known about how online social activities are embedded in older adults' daily lives, how they complement other (offline) social activities, and how they contribute to social connectedness and well-being.

OBJECTIVE

Data generated by this project will allow us to understand how older adults use digital communication in their daily lives to communicate with others, how this relates to well-being and social connectedness, and how communication using digital technologies differs from other types of communication depending on situational and individual characteristics.

METHODS

Microlongitudinal data were collected from 120 older adults from German-speaking regions of Switzerland to examine these questions. Data collection took place from April 2019 to October 2019. Data collection took place over different time scales, including event-based (reporting all social interactions for 21 days), daily (well-being, loneliness, and technology use every evening for 21 days), hourly (cortisol assessments 6 times per day for 3 days), and baseline (relevant interindividual characteristics, including sociodemographics, health, technology use, personality, and cognitive performance) assessments.

RESULTS

Data collection for this study was completed in November 2019. Participants reported an average of 96.35 interactions across the 21 days. Among the total 11,453 interactions, 5494 (47.97%) were face-to-face, and around 16% each were interactions by phone (1858, 16.16%), email (1858, 16.22%), and text message (1853, 16.18%). Otherwise, 246 (2.15%) of the interactions took place on social media, 96 (0.84)% were letters, and 54 (0.47%) of the interactions took place on videochat.

CONCLUSIONS

Participants used a variety of modalities in their daily communication, including digital means such as text messages, email, and video calls. Further analysis will provide more detail as to the role that communication via digital media plays in older adults' daily lives.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR1-10.2196/20306.

摘要

背景

数字技术正日益渗透到我们的日常生活中。尽管老年人比其他年龄组更晚开始使用数字技术，但他们越来越多地采用这些技术，尤其是为了与他人交流。然而，对于在线社交活动如何融入老年人的日常生活、如何补充其他（线下）社交活动，以及如何促进社会联系和幸福感，我们了解得较少。

目的

本项目产生的数据将使我们能够了解老年人在日常生活中如何使用数字通信与他人交流，这与幸福感和社会联系有何关系，以及根据情境和个体特征，使用数字技术进行的通信与其他类型的通信有何不同。

方法

从瑞士德语区的120名老年人中收集微观纵向数据，以研究这些问题。数据收集于2019年4月至2019年10月进行。数据收集在不同的时间尺度上进行，包括基于事件的（报告21天内的所有社交互动）、每日的（21天内每天晚上报告幸福感、孤独感和技术使用情况）、每小时的（3天内每天进行6次皮质醇评估）以及基线（相关个体特征，包括社会人口统计学、健康状况、技术使用、个性和认知表现）评估。

结果

本研究的数据收集于2019年11月完成。参与者在21天内平均报告了96.35次互动。在总共11453次互动中，5494次（47.97%）是面对面互动，电话互动（1858次，16.16%）、电子邮件互动（1858次，16.22%）和短信互动（1853次，16.18%）各占约16%。此外，246次（2.15%）互动发生在社交媒体上，96次（0.84%）是信件互动，54次（0.47%）互动发生在视频聊天中。