西西里岛（意大利）医护人员疫苗可预防疾病的覆盖率。
Coverage rates against vaccine-preventable diseases among healthcare workers in Sicily (Italy).
机构信息
Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Directorate of Epidemiological Surveillance and Interventions for Infectious Diseases, National Public Health Organization, Athens, Greece.
出版信息
Eur J Public Health. 2021 Feb 1;31(1):56. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa179.
BACKGROUND
Vaccination of healthcare workers (HCWs) reduces the risk of occupational vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs), prevents their nosocomial transmission and preserves healthcare delivery during outbreaks. Extensive implementation of vaccination programmes for HCWs allowed the elimination or control of several VPDs within healthcare facilities; despite these, the vaccine adherence rates among HCWs are persistently suboptimal.
METHODS
A questionnaire was self-administered by HCWs to assess their vaccination rates against several VPDs and self-reported immunity in two university hospitals of Southern Italy (Catania and Palermo).
RESULTS
A total of 2586 questionnaires were analysed. More than 50% of HCWs did not know their own immunization status against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis. More than half of the HCWs interviewed at University Hospital (UH) of Catania (UHC) was immune against measles (72.1%), in contrast with data reported at the UH of Palermo (UHP) (45.9%). Immunization status against mumps (67.5% UHC vs. 40.6% UHP), rubella (69.9% UHC vs. 46.6% UHP) and varicella (70.4% UHC vs. 50.7% UHP). Overall, about 30% of HCWs did not know their own immunization status against these VPDs. Moreover, 84.2% at UHC and 66.7% at UHP stated that was previously vaccinated against hepatitis B.
CONCLUSION
Vaccination coverage rates reported from the HCWs against influenza during the last three seasons were considerably low. In conclusion, totally inadequate vaccination rates against several VPDs were found in two university hospitals in Sicily, in terms of preventing not only disease transmission by susceptible HCWs, but also nosocomial outbreaks, confirming data from previous national and international studies.
背景
接种医护人员（HCWs）可降低职业疫苗可预防疾病（VPD）的风险，防止其医院内传播，并在疫情爆发期间维持医疗服务。广泛实施 HCWs 疫苗接种计划使医疗机构内的几种 VPD 得到消除或控制；尽管如此，HCWs 的疫苗接种率仍持续不理想。
方法
在意大利南部的两家大学医院（卡塔尼亚和巴勒莫），HCWs 通过自我管理的问卷评估他们针对几种 VPD 的疫苗接种率和自我报告的免疫力。
结果
共分析了 2586 份问卷。超过 50%的 HCWs 不知道自己对白喉、破伤风和百日咳的免疫状况。在卡塔尼亚大学医院（UHC）接受采访的超过一半的 HCWs 对麻疹具有免疫力（72.1%），而巴勒莫大学医院（UHP）的数据则为 45.9%。接种腮腺炎（67.5% UHC 比 40.6% UHP）、风疹（69.9% UHC 比 46.6% UHP）和水痘（70.4% UHC 比 50.7% UHP）的免疫状态。总体而言，约 30%的 HCWs 不知道自己对这些 VPD 的免疫状况。此外，84.2%的 UHC 和 66.7%的 UHP 表示之前曾接种过乙肝疫苗。
结论
在过去三个季节中，HCWs 报告的流感疫苗接种覆盖率相当低。总之，在西西里岛的两家大学医院中，发现了对几种 VPD 的疫苗接种率极不理想，这不仅防止了易感 HCWs 的疾病传播，还防止了医院内爆发，证实了之前的国家和国际研究的数据。
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