Department of Health Behavior and Policy.
Center for the Study of Tobacco Products.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2022 Feb;30(1):113-119. doi: 10.1037/pha0000400. Epub 2020 Oct 1.
Cigars are available in a variety of flavors that may impact uptake and use, but little is known about how different flavors affect abuse liability. This study used 3 behavioral economic tasks to examine abuse liability of Black & Mild cigars differing in flavor among young adult cigarette smokers. Participants were 25 cigar-naïve young adults (aged 18-25 years) who smoked ≥ 5 cigarettes/day. In 5 Latin square-ordered laboratory visits, participants completed 3 abuse liability tasks (drug purchase task, cross-price purchase task, and multiple-choice procedure) for each of 4 cigar flavors (original, cream, wine, or apple) and own-brand cigarettes. In the drug purchase task, relative to own-brand cigarettes, all cigar flavors were associated with lower abuse liability using most measures (intensity, breakpoint, maximum total tobacco expenditure for 1 day [s < .05]), although only wine-flavored cigars scored significantly lower using 1 measure (price at maximum total tobacco expenditure for 1 day). When cigars and cigarettes were available concurrently in the cross-price purchase task, all cigar flavors functioned as substitutes for cigarettes. Using the multiple-choice procedure, crossover points for wine- (mean = $0.61) and apple-flavored cigars (mean = $0.71) were significantly lower than own-brand cigarettes (mean = $0.86) and original-flavored cigars (mean = $1.00); no significant differences existed between own-brand cigarettes and original-flavored cigars. Thus, whereas abuse liability may be highest for participants' own-brand cigarette, young adult smokers may be willing to use flavored cigars. Furthermore, abuse liability varies by cigar flavor, with original- and cream-flavored cigars appearing to have the highest abuse liability. Characterizing flavors and flavor additives in cigars represent an important tobacco regulatory target. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
雪茄有多种口味可供选择，这些口味可能会影响人们对雪茄的接受程度和使用意愿，但对于不同口味如何影响滥用倾向知之甚少。本研究使用 3 种行为经济学任务来检验不同口味的 Black & Mild 雪茄在成年吸烟人群中的滥用倾向。参与者为 25 名雪茄新手，年龄在 18-25 岁之间，每天吸烟≥5 支。在 5 次拉丁方有序的实验室访问中，参与者完成了 4 种雪茄口味（原味、奶油味、葡萄酒味和苹果味）和自有品牌香烟的 3 项滥用倾向任务（药物购买任务、交叉价格购买任务和多项选择程序）。在药物购买任务中，与自有品牌香烟相比，所有雪茄口味在大多数指标上（强度、断点、1 天内最大总烟草支出[<0.05]）与较低的滥用倾向相关，尽管只有葡萄酒味雪茄在 1 个指标（1 天内最大总烟草支出时的价格）上的得分显著较低。当在交叉价格购买任务中同时提供雪茄和香烟时，所有雪茄口味都可以替代香烟。使用多项选择程序，葡萄酒味（均值=0.61 美元）和苹果味雪茄的交叉点显著低于自有品牌香烟（均值=0.86 美元）和原味雪茄（均值=1.00 美元）；自有品牌香烟和原味雪茄之间没有显著差异。因此，虽然参与者自有品牌香烟的滥用倾向可能最高，但成年吸烟者可能愿意使用调味雪茄。此外，雪茄的滥用倾向因口味而异，原味和奶油味雪茄的滥用倾向似乎最高。描述雪茄中的口味和口味添加剂是烟草监管的一个重要目标。（美国心理协会，2022）
