Stein Jeffrey S, Koffarnus Mikhail N, Stepanov Irina, Hatsukami Dorothy K, Bickel Warren K
Addiction Recovery Research Center, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute.
Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2018 Jun;26(3):233-243. doi: 10.1037/pha0000192.
Behavioral economic methods allow experimental manipulation of price and examination of its effects on tobacco product purchasing. These methods may be used to examine tobacco product abuse liability and to prospectively model possible effects of price regulation. In the present study, we examined multiple measures of behavioral economic demand for cigarettes and e-liquid for use in a second-generation electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) in e-cigarette-naïve cigarette smokers. Twenty-five smokers received an e-cigarette (eGo ONE CT), sampled study e-liquid (24 mg/mL nicotine), and completed recurring sessions in which they used an experimental income to purchase real-world supplies of cigarettes and/or e-liquid. Participants also completed self-report measures of drug effects/liking. When products were available alone, we observed lower demand for e-liquid than for cigarettes. This effect was magnified when cigarettes and e-liquid were available concurrently. In additional assessments, e-liquid served as a partial substitute for cigarettes, but cigarettes did not serve as a substitute for e-liquid. Finally, participants rated e-liquid more poorly than cigarettes on several dimensions of drug effects/liking (any effects, liking, desire, and probability of continued use). We conclude that e-cigarette-naïve smokers value cigarettes more highly than e-liquid across multiple contexts and measurements. Nonetheless, participants still valued e-liquid positively and purchased it frequently, both as a substitute for cigarettes and independently of cigarettes. To understand the variables that influence transitions from exclusive smoking to either dual cigarette/e-cigarette use or exclusive e-cigarette use, future work should systematically examine the role of duration of e-liquid exposure. (PsycINFO Database Record
行为经济学方法允许对价格进行实验性操纵，并考察其对烟草产品购买行为的影响。这些方法可用于研究烟草产品的滥用倾向，并前瞻性地模拟价格管制可能产生的影响。在本研究中，我们考察了在从未使用过电子烟的吸烟者中，对第二代电子烟中香烟和电子烟液的行为经济学需求的多种测量指标。25名吸烟者收到一支电子烟（eGo ONE CT），试用了研究用的电子烟液（尼古丁含量24 mg/mL），并完成了多次实验环节，在这些环节中他们使用实验所得收入购买现实中的香烟和/或电子烟液。参与者还完成了关于药物效果/喜好的自我报告测量。当单独提供产品时，我们观察到对电子烟液的需求低于对香烟的需求。当香烟和电子烟液同时提供时，这种效应被放大。在其他评估中，电子烟液可部分替代香烟，但香烟不能替代电子烟液。最后，在药物效果/喜好的几个维度（任何效果、喜好、渴望以及继续使用的可能性）上，参与者对电子烟液的评价比香烟更低。我们得出结论，在多种情境和测量指标下，从未使用过电子烟的吸烟者对香烟的重视程度高于电子烟液。尽管如此，参与者仍然对电子烟液持积极评价，并经常购买，既作为香烟的替代品，也独立于香烟购买。为了理解影响从单纯吸烟转变为同时使用香烟/电子烟或单纯使用电子烟的变量，未来的研究应系统地考察接触电子烟液的时长所起的作用。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
