Handheld Ultrasound Video High-Quality Reconstruction Using a Low-Rank Representation Multipathway Generative Adversarial Network.

Recently, the use of portable equipment has attracted much attention in the medical ultrasound field. Handheld ultrasound devices have great potential for improving the convenience of diagnosis, but noise-induced artifacts and low resolution limit their application. To enhance the video quality of handheld ultrasound devices, we propose a low-rank representation multipathway generative adversarial network (LRR MPGAN) with a cascade training strategy. This method can directly generate sequential, high-quality ultrasound video with clear tissue structures and details. In the cascade training process, the network is first trained with plane wave (PW) single-/multiangle video pairs to capture dynamic information and then fine-tuned with handheld/high-end image pairs to extract high-quality single-frame information. In the proposed GAN structure, a multipathway generator is applied to implement the cascade training strategy, which can simultaneously extract dynamic information and synthesize multiframe features. The LRR decomposition channel approach guarantees the fine reconstruction of both global features and local details. In addition, a novel ultrasound loss is added to the conventional mean square error (MSE) loss to acquire ultrasound-specific perceptual features. A comprehensive evaluation is conducted in the experiments, and the results confirm that the proposed method can effectively reconstruct high-quality ultrasound videos for handheld devices. With the aid of the proposed method, handheld ultrasound devices can be used to obtain convincing and convenient diagnoses.