Department of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
Departments of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics & Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2020 Dec 1;129(6):1330-1340. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00852.2019. Epub 2020 Oct 1.
The brain's high bioenergetic state is paralleled by high metabolic waste production. Authentic lymphatic vasculature is lacking in brain parenchyma. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow has long been thought to facilitate central nervous system detoxification in place of lymphatics, but the exact processes involved in toxic waste clearance from the brain remain incompletely understood. Over the past 8 yr, novel data in animals and humans have begun to shed new light on these processes in the form of the "glymphatic system," a brain-wide perivascular transit passageway dedicated to CSF transport and interstitial fluid exchange that facilitates metabolic waste drainage from the brain. Here we will discuss glymphatic system anatomy and methods to visualize and quantify glymphatic system (GS) transport in the brain and also discuss physiological drivers of its function in normal brain and in neurodegeneration.
大脑的高生物能量状态与高代谢废物产生相平行。脑实质中缺乏真正的淋巴管。长期以来，人们一直认为脑脊液（CSF）的流动有助于中枢神经系统解毒，以替代淋巴管，但清除大脑中毒性废物的确切过程仍不完全清楚。在过去的 8 年中，动物和人类的新数据开始以“神经胶质淋巴系统”的形式揭示这些过程的新情况，这是一个遍布大脑的血管周围转运通道，专门用于 CSF 转运和间质液交换，有助于从大脑中排出代谢废物。在这里，我们将讨论神经胶质淋巴系统的解剖结构以及在大脑中可视化和量化神经胶质淋巴系统（GS）转运的方法，并讨论其在正常大脑和神经退行性变中的功能的生理驱动因素。
