Division of General Practice, Department of Health Services Research, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany.
Department of Health Services Research, Institute for Public Health and Nursing Science, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 29;17(19):7126. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197126.
The frequency of contacts of nursing home residents with medical specialists is lower compared to the general population of the same age group in Germany. The aim of this study was to assess general practitioners' (GPs) views on specialist care needs of nursing home residents, on questions of qualification and care coordination. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a postal questionnaire among a representative sample of 1121 GPs in north-western Germany in 2018. The perceptions of GPs about the relative importance of the type of specialist care that is required in nursing homes was assessed on a five-point Likert scale (0 = very low to 4 = very high). A total of 375 GPs (response 33.5%; mean age 54.4 years; 57.6% male) participated in the survey. GPs assessed care needs as highest for neurologists and psychiatrists (68.7%) and lowest for gynecologists (6.5%). Almost all respondents (96.2%) strongly agreed that medical care for nursing home residents should be coordinated by GPs and that GPs should initiate the referral for further specialist care when required (87.5%). A minority (25.7%) agreed that quality of medical care would improve when care for a nursing home was provided by only one GP practice. GPs perceive the needs of nursing home residents for specialist care as high only in relation to care by neurologists and psychiatrists. GPs consider their own coordination function for medical care in nursing homes as very important.
养老院居民与医学专家的接触频率低于德国同年龄组的一般人群。本研究旨在评估全科医生（GP）对养老院居民专科护理需求、资格和护理协调的看法。2018 年，我们对德国西北部的一个具有代表性的 1121 名全科医生样本进行了横断面研究，通过邮寄问卷的方式进行。全科医生对养老院所需的专科护理类型的相对重要性的看法，是用五点李克特量表（0=非常低至 4=非常高）评估的。共有 375 名全科医生（回应率 33.5%；平均年龄 54.4 岁；57.6%为男性）参与了调查。全科医生认为神经科医生和精神科医生的护理需求最高（68.7%），妇科医生的护理需求最低（6.5%）。几乎所有受访者（96.2%）强烈同意，养老院居民的医疗护理应由全科医生协调，当需要进一步的专科护理时，应由全科医生发起转诊（87.5%）。少数人（25.7%）同意，当养老院的护理由一家全科医生诊所提供时，医疗质量将提高。全科医生认为养老院居民对专科护理的需求只有在与神经科医生和精神科医生的护理相关时才很高。全科医生认为他们自己在养老院的医疗护理协调功能非常重要。
