Watterson Taylor L, Look Kevin A, Steege Linsey, Chui Michelle A
Social & Administrative Sciences Division at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI, USA.
Social & Administrative Sciences Division at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI, USA.
Res Social Adm Pharm. 2021 Jul;17(7):1282-1287. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Sep 25.
The Quadruple Aim recognizes that caring for the healthcare employee is necessary to optimize patient outcomes and health system performance. Although previous research has assessed pharmacists' workload, this study is the first to describe pharmacist occupational fatigue-a characteristic of excessive workload that inhibits workers' abilities to function at normal capacity.
(s): The purpose of this study was to describe occupational fatigue in pharmacists using exploratory factor analysis (EFA)-assessing whether dimensional structures used to describe occupational fatigue in other health professions fit pharmacist perceptions.
A model was created to conceptualize two "fatigue" domains found in the literature-physical fatigue (ex. Physical discomfort) and mental fatigue (ex. trouble thinking clearly). These domains were operationalized and used to create a survey that was distributed to licensed pharmacists at a conference. An EFA was conducted to identify the key domains underlying pharmacist perceptions of fatigue.
A total of 283 surveys were distributed, and 115 were returned and useable. Respondents were primarily white, female, and worked 9.5 h-per-day on average. The EFA suggested a statistically significant two-factor model (Χ 9.73, p = 0.28), which included physical fatigue (α = 0.87) and mental fatigue (α = 0.82) dimensions.
The EFA yielded a structure similar to what was anticipated from the literature. While working, pharmacists may not be aware of fatigue related short-cuts or lapses that pose risks to patient safety. This study is just the first step in promoting systematic interventions to prevent or cope with fatigue and prevent the patient, pharmacist, and institutional outcomes.
“四重目标”认识到，关爱医护人员对于优化患者治疗效果和卫生系统绩效至关重要。尽管先前的研究已经评估了药剂师的工作量，但本研究首次描述了药剂师的职业疲劳——这是工作量过大的一种特征，会抑制工作人员正常发挥职能的能力。
本研究的目的是使用探索性因素分析（EFA）来描述药剂师的职业疲劳——评估用于描述其他卫生专业人员职业疲劳的维度结构是否符合药剂师的认知。
创建了一个模型，以概念化文献中发现的两个“疲劳”领域——身体疲劳（例如身体不适）和精神疲劳（例如思维清晰困难）。对这些领域进行操作化处理，并用于创建一项调查，该调查在一次会议上分发给有执照的药剂师。进行了探索性因素分析，以确定药剂师对疲劳认知背后的关键领域。
共发放了283份调查问卷，回收并可用的有115份。受访者主要是白人、女性，平均每天工作9.5小时。探索性因素分析提出了一个具有统计学意义的双因素模型（卡方值=9.73，p=0.28），其中包括身体疲劳维度（α=0.87）和精神疲劳维度（α=0.82）。
探索性因素分析得出的结构与文献预期相似。在工作时，药剂师可能没有意识到与疲劳相关的捷径或失误，而这些可能会对患者安全构成风险。本研究只是促进系统性干预措施以预防或应对疲劳并防止对患者、药剂师和机构产生不良后果的第一步。
