Allergy Center, Department of Pediatrics, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
Pediatrics Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Acta Biomed. 2020 Sep 15;91(11-S):e2020006. doi: 10.23750/abm.v91i11-S.10309.
To date, the only disease-modifying treatment strategy for allergic rhinitis and asthma is allergen immunotherapy (AIT). There is evidence that AIT improves allergic rhinitis and asthma, such as reducing symptom severity and medication use and improving of quality of life, with a long-lasting effect after the end of the course. The recent clinical trials evidenced AIT effectiveness and safety in allergic asthma. Consequently, the current version of the GINA (Global Initiative for Asthma) guidelines recommend AIT as an add-on therapy for asthma. There is also evidence that AIT may exert preventive activity on the possible progression from allergic rhinitis to asthma in children and the onset of new sensitizations.
迄今为止，治疗变应性鼻炎和哮喘的唯一疾病修饰治疗策略是变应原免疫治疗（AIT）。有证据表明，AIT 可改善变应性鼻炎和哮喘，如减轻症状严重程度和药物使用，并改善生活质量，在疗程结束后具有持久的效果。最近的临床试验证明了 AIT 在过敏性哮喘中的有效性和安全性。因此，目前版的 GINA（全球哮喘倡议）指南建议 AIT 作为哮喘的附加治疗。也有证据表明，AIT 可能对儿童变应性鼻炎向哮喘的可能进展和新致敏的发生具有预防作用。
