Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery. University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" Naples, Italy.
epartment of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Acta Biomed. 2020 Sep 15;91(11-S):e2020007. doi: 10.23750/abm.v91i11-S.10310.
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is induced by an IgE-mediated immune reaction after allergen exposure. The typical symptoms are itching, nasal discharge, sneezing and nasal obstruction. The diagnosis is based on the concordance between allergic symptoms and diagnostic tests. The skin prick test (SPT) is recommended as the "gold standard" method. First generation H1-antihistamines are widely used for treatment of AR. Intranasal glucocorticosteroids are well tolerated and can be used also in paediatric age. Allergic rhinitis cannot be considered as an isolated pathology. Other atopic diseases (allergic conjunctivitis, atopic eczema, asthma) are commonly associated.
变应性鼻炎（AR）是由过敏原暴露后 IgE 介导的免疫反应引起的。典型症状为瘙痒、鼻分泌物、打喷嚏和鼻塞。诊断基于过敏症状和诊断测试的一致性。皮肤点刺试验（SPT）被推荐为“金标准”方法。第一代 H1 抗组胺药广泛用于治疗 AR。鼻内糖皮质激素具有良好的耐受性，也可用于儿科年龄。变应性鼻炎不能被视为一种孤立的疾病。其他特应性疾病（过敏性结膜炎、特应性皮炎、哮喘）通常与之相关。
