Thorne Sapphira R, Hegarty Peter, Hepper Erica G
School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
Br J Soc Psychol. 2021 Apr;60(2):653-677. doi: 10.1111/bjso.12422. Epub 2020 Oct 2.
Cultural heterosexist ideologies assume heterosexuality to be the default norm. Four studies investigated when concepts of romantic love are heterosexual-by-default (N = 685). In Studies 1-2, participants generated features of romantic love, in general (i.e., the default prototype) or among one of three sexual orientation-specific couples (lesbian, gay, or heterosexual). Heterosexual-identified participants' default prototypes were more similar to heterosexual than same-gender prototypes (Study 1). Lesbian- and gay-identified participants' default prototypes were more similar to both heterosexual and gay male than lesbian prototypes, whereas bisexual-identified participants' sexual orientation-specific prototypes were equivalently similar to the default (Study 2). However, heterosexual-identified participants rated presented features of love similarly across sexual orientation-specific conditions (Study 3). In a timed feature-verification task (Study 4), participants categorized fewer peripheral features of romantic love as relevant to same-gender than mixed-gender couples. Activating sexual orientation-specific representations affected subsequent default concepts of romantic love. We discuss implications for heterosexism theories and intervention.
文化异性恋至上观念认为异性恋是默认规范。四项研究调查了浪漫爱情概念在何时默认是异性恋的（N = 685）。在研究1至2中，参与者生成了浪漫爱情的特征，总体上（即默认原型）或在三种特定性取向情侣（女同性恋、男同性恋或异性恋）之一中。自我认同为异性恋的参与者的默认原型与异性恋原型比与同性原型更相似（研究1）。自我认同为女同性恋和男同性恋的参与者的默认原型与异性恋和男同性恋原型比与女同性恋原型更相似，而自我认同为双性恋的参与者的特定性取向原型与默认原型同样相似（研究2）。然而，自我认同为异性恋的参与者在不同特定性取向条件下对呈现的爱情特征的评分相似（研究3）。在一项限时特征验证任务（研究4）中，与混合性取向情侣相比，参与者将更少的浪漫爱情外围特征归类为与同性情侣相关。激活特定性取向表征会影响随后浪漫爱情的默认概念。我们讨论了对异性恋至上理论和干预的影响。
