Klysing Amanda
Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Br J Soc Psychol. 2023 Jul;62(3):1506-1533. doi: 10.1111/bjso.12645. Epub 2023 Mar 25.
The intersectional invisibility hypothesis (IIH) states that members of multiply marginalized groups experience intersectional invisibility by not being seen as prototypical for either of their constitutive groups due to the influence of heterocentrism and androcentrism. That is, a lesbian woman may not be represented in relation to either the category 'woman' or the category 'homosexual people'. Two online experiments conducted in Sweden and the United Kingdom (N = 1923) tested predictions from the IIH at different intersections of specific genders (woman and man) and sexual orientations (heterosexuality, homosexuality and bisexuality) using an attribute generation task and direct similarity ratings. Results show strong support for the influence of heterocentrism: Only prototypes for heterosexual women/men match general prototypes for women/men. Androcentrism influenced the prototype for 'homosexual people', which had a stronger match with the prototype for gay men compared with lesbian women. In contrast, bisexual women were seen as more prototypical 'bisexual people' than bisexual men were. Psychological research conducted on general gender groups may therefore only be applicable to heterosexual individuals, while research on homosexual people in general may be applicable mainly to gay men.
交叉性隐形假说（IIH）指出，多重边缘化群体的成员由于受到异性中心主义和男性中心主义的影响，不被视为其构成群体中任何一个群体的典型代表，从而经历交叉性隐形。也就是说，女同性恋者在“女性”或“同性恋者”类别中可能都没有代表性。在瑞典和英国进行的两项在线实验（N = 1923）使用属性生成任务和直接相似性评级，在特定性别（女性和男性）和性取向（异性恋、同性恋和双性恋）的不同交叉点上测试了IIH的预测。结果有力地支持了异性中心主义的影响：只有异性恋女性/男性的原型与女性/男性的一般原型相匹配。男性中心主义影响了“同性恋者”的原型，与女同性恋者相比，它与男同性恋者的原型更匹配。相比之下，双性恋女性比双性恋男性更被视为典型的“双性恋者”。因此，针对一般性别群体进行的心理学研究可能仅适用于异性恋个体，而一般针对同性恋者的研究可能主要适用于男同性恋者。
