Service de Maladies Infectieuses, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, France.
Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, France.
Med Mal Infect. 2020 Nov;50(8):639-647. doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Sep 29.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first reported in the city of Wuhan, China. The disease rapidly spread to the rest of China, to Southern-East Asia, then to Europe, America, and on to the rest of the world. COVID-19 is associated with a betacoronavirus named SARS-CoV-2. The virus penetrates the organism through the respiratory tract, conveyed by contaminated droplets. The main cell receptor targeted is the surface-bound ACE-2. As of the 26th July 2020, 15,200,000 COVID-19 cases and 650,000 deaths were reported worldwide. The mortality rate is estimated between 1.3 and 18.3%. The reproductive rate without any public health intervention is estimated around 4-5.1 in France. Most hospitalized patients for COVID-19 present respiratory symptoms, which in some cases is associated with fever. Up to 86% of admissions to ICU are related to acute respiratory failure. To date, no anti-viral therapy has proven its efficacy considering randomized trials. Only immunomodulatory treatments such as corticosteroids have shown to cause significant improvement in patient outcome.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）最初在中国武汉市报告。该疾病迅速传播到中国其他地区、东南亚、然后到欧洲、美洲以及世界其他地区。COVID-19 与一种名为 SARS-CoV-2 的β冠状病毒有关。病毒通过呼吸道传播，通过受污染的飞沫传播。主要的细胞受体是表面结合的 ACE-2。截至 2020 年 7 月 26 日，全球报告了 1520 万例 COVID-19 病例和 65 万例死亡。死亡率估计在 1.3%至 18.3%之间。如果没有任何公共卫生干预，估计在法国的繁殖率约为 4-5.1。大多数因 COVID-19 住院的患者出现呼吸道症状，在某些情况下伴有发热。迄今为止，没有抗病毒疗法在随机试验中证明其疗效。只有免疫调节治疗如皮质类固醇已被证明可显著改善患者的预后。
