Farm Animal Reproduction Laboratory, Veterinary Institute, Ibn Khaldoun University, BP P78 Zaâroura Tiaret, 14000 Algeria.
IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
Prev Vet Med. 2020 Nov;184:105156. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105156. Epub 2020 Sep 23.
Ruminant pestiviruses are widely distributed worldwide, causing congenital disease and massive economic losses. Although ruminant production is an important economic sector in North Africa, the knowledge about pestiviruses is scarce. The present study aimed at assessing the presence of Pestivirus in cattle in Algeria, and to review the data available on ruminant pestiviruses in North Africa. A cross-sectional study was conducted on dairy farms from North-Western Algeria. Blood samples from 234 dairy cattle from 31 herds were collected. All sera were analysed for the presence of antibodies using a commercial iELISA. The presence of Pestivirus RNA was also assessed by using a Reverse Transcription-PCR, and PCR-positive samples were sequenced. Risk factors related to Pestivirus infection were also analysed. The review of the presence of ruminant pestiviruses in North Africa was performed using a systematic search and compilation methodology of the peer-reviewed literature available in order to identify gaps of knowledge for future research. The seroprevalence at population and farm levels obtained in the present study (59.9% and 93.5%, respectively) concur with data reported in neighbouring countries. Risk factors associated with Pestivirus infection in cattle were the presence of sheep in the herd and the animal category (cow vs heifer). Furthermore, we confirmed the presence of BVDV-1a in Algeria. The scarce data suggest an endemic epidemiological scenario of pestivirus in livestock. The lack of studies about the epidemiology and molecular variability of ruminant pestiviruses in livestock and wildlife in North Africa is of concern for animal health and wildlife conservation, and needs to be addressed.
反刍动物瘟病毒广泛分布于世界各地，可导致先天疾病并造成巨大的经济损失。虽然反刍动物生产是北非的一个重要经济部门，但有关瘟病毒的知识却很少。本研究旨在评估阿尔及利亚牛群中瘟病毒的存在情况，并回顾北非反刍动物瘟病毒的现有数据。在阿尔及利亚西北部的奶牛场进行了一项横断面研究。采集了 31 个畜群的 234 头奶牛的血液样本。使用商业 iELISA 检测所有血清中抗体的存在情况。还使用逆转录-PCR 评估 Pestivirus RNA 的存在情况，并对 PCR 阳性样本进行测序。还分析了与 Pestivirus 感染相关的风险因素。通过系统搜索和编译可获得的同行评审文献，综述了北非反刍动物瘟病毒的存在情况，以确定未来研究的知识空白。本研究在人群和农场水平上获得的血清流行率（分别为 59.9%和 93.5%）与邻国报告的数据一致。与牛 Pestivirus 感染相关的风险因素包括畜群中存在绵羊和动物类别（奶牛与小母牛）。此外，我们还证实了阿尔及利亚存在 BVDV-1a。缺乏数据表明，牲畜中存在瘟病毒地方性流行情况。缺乏关于北非牲畜和野生动物中瘟病毒的流行病学和分子变异的研究，这对动物健康和野生动物保护构成了关注，需要加以解决。
