Thoracic Surgery Residents Association; Division of Thoracic Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
Thoracic Surgery Residents Association; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Ann Thorac Surg. 2021 Aug;112(2):645-651. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.07.045. Epub 2020 Oct 1.
Mentoring is an essential component of cardiothoracic surgery training, yet trainees report varied experiences despite substantial efforts to enhance mentorship opportunities. This study aimed to evaluate mentorship effectiveness and identify gaps in mentorship education.
A survey was distributed to cardiothoracic surgical trainees in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited programs (n = 531). Responses to 16 questions concerning trainee experiences, expectations, and perspectives on mentorship were collected. An 11-component mentorship effectiveness tool generated a composite score (0 to 55), with a score of 44 or lower indicating less effective mentorship.
Sixty-seven residents completed the survey (12.6%), with most (83.6%) reporting a current mentor. Trainees with mentors cited "easy to work with and approachable" (44 of 58; 75.9%) as the major criterion for mentor selection, whereas trainees without a mentor reported an inability to identify one who truly reflected the resident's needs (6 of 11; 45.5%). Resident age, gender, race or ethnicity, marital status, family status, postgraduate year, and training program type or size were not associated with having a mentor (P = .15 to .73). The median mentorship effectiveness score was 51 (interquartile range, 44, 55). More than one-third of residents (25 of 67) had either no mentor (n = 6) or less effective mentorship (n = 16), or both (n = 3). Resident and program characteristics were not associated with mentorship effectiveness (P = .39 to .99). Finally, 61.2% of residents had not received education on effective mentorship, and 53.8% did not currently serve as a mentor.
Many resident respondents have either no mentor or less effective mentorship, and most reported not having received education on mentorship. Addressing these gaps in mentorship training and delivery should be prioritized.
指导是心胸外科培训的重要组成部分，但尽管为增加指导机会付出了大量努力，受训者的报告体验却各不相同。本研究旨在评估指导的有效性，并确定指导教育中的差距。
向经研究生医学教育认证委员会（Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education）认证的项目中的心胸外科受训者（n=531）分发了一份调查。收集了 16 个关于受训者经历、期望和对指导看法的问题的回答。一个由 11 个组成部分的指导有效性工具生成了一个综合分数（0 到 55），得分 44 或以下表示指导效果较差。
67 名住院医师完成了调查（12.6%），其中大多数（83.6%）报告了当前的导师。有导师的受训者表示，“易于合作和接近”（58 人中的 44 人，75.9%）是选择导师的主要标准，而没有导师的受训者则表示无法找到真正反映自己需求的导师（11 人中的 6 人，45.5%）。住院医师的年龄、性别、种族或民族、婚姻状况、家庭状况、住院医师年限、培训项目类型或规模与是否有导师无关（P=0.15 至 0.73）。指导有效性的中位数得分为 51（四分位距，44，55）。超过三分之一的住院医师（67 人中的 25 人）要么没有导师（6 人），要么指导效果较差（16 人），要么两者都有（3 人）。住院医师和项目特征与指导效果无关（P=0.39 至 0.99）。最后，61.2%的住院医师未接受过有效指导方面的教育，53.8%的住院医师目前未担任导师。
许多住院医师要么没有导师，要么指导效果较差，大多数人报告说没有接受过指导方面的教育。应优先解决指导培训和实施中的这些差距。
