Caruso Thomas J, Kung Tiffany, Piro Nancy, Li Jie, Katznelson Laurence, Dohn Ann
J Grad Med Educ. 2019 Apr;11(2):221-225. doi: 10.4300/JGME-D-18-00650.2.
Mentorship models rarely seek generalizability across training programs at the graduate medical education (GME) level.
We examined the sustainability and effectiveness of an intervention to increase the number and usefulness of trainee mentorship.
A 0.20 full-time equivalent GME faculty adviser position (MD, MEd) implemented mentorship programs in residencies and fellowships. In group 1, 6 GME programs implemented the mentorship strategies prior to 2014, which were used to measure whether the number of mentor relationships were longitudinally sustained. In group 2, 10 different GME programs implemented the mentorship strategies in 2016, which were used to measure whether the intervention immediately increased the number of mentor relationships. To measure mentorship usefulness, trainees rated mentors' ability to promote clinical skills and personal and professional development. The remaining programs were the comparison. Responses from the 2014 and 2016 annual institutional trainee survey were analyzed.
The incidence of group 1 reporting mentor relationships in 2014 compared to the incidence of group 1 in 2016 were 89% (41 of 46) and 95% (42 of 44), respectively, suggesting that the intervention was sustained for 2 years ( = .26). Group 2 showed a higher proportion of trainees reporting mentors in 2016 (88%, 149 of 170) compared to preintervention (66%, 71 of 108; = .00001). Groups 1 and 2 reported significant increases in mentorship usefulness.
A GME initiative to enhance mentoring across specialties in 16 GME training programs was self-sustaining and effective.
在研究生医学教育（GME）层面，导师指导模式很少追求在不同培训项目中的通用性。
我们研究了一项干预措施的可持续性和有效性，该措施旨在增加学员导师指导的数量和实用性。
一个相当于0.20全时工作量的GME教职员工顾问职位（医学博士、教育学硕士）在住院医师培训和专科医师培训项目中实施导师指导计划。在第1组中，6个GME项目在2014年之前实施了导师指导策略，用于衡量导师关系的数量是否能在纵向得到维持。在第2组中，10个不同的GME项目在2016年实施了导师指导策略，用于衡量该干预措施是否能立即增加导师关系的数量。为了衡量导师指导的实用性，学员对导师促进临床技能以及个人和职业发展的能力进行评分。其余项目作为对照。对2014年和2016年年度机构学员调查的回复进行了分析。
第1组在2014年报告有导师关系的发生率与2016年第1组的发生率分别为89%（46例中的41例）和95%（44例中的42例），表明该干预措施持续了2年（P = 0.26）。与干预前相比，第2组在2016年报告有导师的学员比例更高（88%，170例中的149例）（干预前为66%，108例中的71例；P = 0.00001）。第1组和第2组报告导师指导的实用性有显著提高。
一项在16个GME培训项目中跨专业加强导师指导的GME倡议具有自我维持性且有效。
