University Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty, Skopje, RN Macedonia.
University Clinic for Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, Skopje, RN Macedonia.
Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki). 2020 Sep 1;41(2):89-93. doi: 10.2478/prilozi-2020-0037.
Neonatal hypoglycemia (HG) can cause neurologic damage, epilepsy, mental retardation, behavioral and personality disorders and death. The longest the HG lasts and the greatest the glucose nadir the consequences are more pronounced. Comorbidities are rather important in development of neurological damage. Hypoxemia and ischemia can cause permanent brain damage. Small for gestational age (SGA), large for gestational age (LGA), intrauterine growth restriction, gestational age bellow the 37th week, low Apgar score, sepsis, children whose mothers have toxemia, diabetes or chorioamnionitis are all newborns with increased HG risk. Comparing 34 patients with NH and 34 children without NH with similar GA, BW, BL, the Apgar score, we found statistically significant differences in motor and mental development using the Griffith scale. Children with neonatal HG fared significantly worse than those without neonatal HG. Therefore, CBG measurements and early recognition of neonatal HG is of significant importance in preventing motor and mental damage in children. A larger and well-balanced cohort of patients followed for a longer period is also necessary to clarify and discern in detail the importance of neonatal HG and other perinatal factors in neurodevelopmental damage.
新生儿低血糖症（HG）可导致神经损伤、癫痫、智力障碍、行为和人格障碍，甚至死亡。HG 持续时间越长，血糖最低点越低，后果越明显。合并症在神经损伤的发展中相当重要。低氧血症和缺血可导致永久性脑损伤。小于胎龄儿（SGA）、大于胎龄儿（LGA）、宫内生长受限、胎龄小于 37 周、低 Apgar 评分、败血症、母亲患有毒血症、糖尿病或绒毛膜羊膜炎的儿童，都是 HG 风险增加的新生儿。比较 34 例 NH 患儿和 34 例 GA、BW、BL 相似的无 NH 患儿，使用 Griffith 量表发现运动和精神发育存在统计学显著差异。患有新生儿 HG 的儿童比没有新生儿 HG 的儿童表现差。因此，CBG 测量和早期识别新生儿 HG 对于预防儿童运动和精神损伤非常重要。还需要更大、更均衡的患者队列，并进行更长时间的随访，以澄清和详细区分新生儿 HG 和其他围产期因素在神经发育损伤中的重要性。
