Lim Kuang H, Ghazali Sumarni M, Lim Hui L, Kee Chee C, Cheah Yong K, Singh Balvinder S G Pradhaman, Heng Pei P, Teh Chien H, Cheong Yoon L, Lim Jia H
Special Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Department of Oncology, Hospital Sulltan Ismail, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
Tob Induc Dis. 2020 Sep 17;18:80. doi: 10.18332/tid/127231. eCollection 2020.
Periodic surveys on tobacco use patterns and other aspects of tobacco use among school-going adolescents in Malaysia provide information on the effectiveness of anti-smoking measures implemented. However, such information is limited in Malaysia. We investigated the prevalence of smoking and other related aspects among middle-secondary school students in Malaysia from the years 2003-2016 to fill this gap.
We analyzed data from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) 2003, GYTS 2009, and the Tobacco and Electronic Cigarette Survey among Malaysia Adolescents (TECMA) 2016. The surveys employed multistage sampling to select representative samples of adolescents attending secondary school in Malaysia. Data were collected using a pre-validated self-administered anonymous questionnaire adopted from the GYTS.
Between 2003 and 2016, major changes occurred in which there were reductions in the prevalence of ever smoking, current smoking, and susceptibility to smoking. Reductions were also observed in exposure to SHS in public places and in the home. The proportion of school-going adolescents who support a ban on smoking in public places increased between 2013 to 2016, and there was a significant reduction in the proportion of respondents that were offered 'free' cigarettes by tobacco company representatives. However, there was no difference in the proportion of adolescents who initiated smoking before the age of 10 years and current smokers seeking advice to quit smoking across the time period.
Our study indicates that the smoking policies and measures have been effective in reducing smoking prevalence, secondhand smoke exposure, and access to cigarettes, among school-going adolescents in Malaysia. However, measures to reduce smoking initiation and increase smoking cessation need to be strengthened to reduce the burden of smoking-related diseases in Malaysia in the long-term.
对马来西亚在校青少年的烟草使用模式及烟草使用其他方面进行定期调查，可为所实施的反吸烟措施的有效性提供信息。然而，此类信息在马来西亚较为有限。我们调查了2003年至2016年期间马来西亚初中学生的吸烟率及其他相关方面情况，以填补这一空白。
我们分析了2003年全球青少年烟草调查（GYTS）、2009年GYTS以及2016年马来西亚青少年烟草与电子烟调查（TECMA）的数据。这些调查采用多阶段抽样方法，选取马来西亚中学青少年的代表性样本。数据通过采用经预先验证的、源自GYTS的自填式匿名问卷收集。
2003年至2016年期间发生了重大变化，曾经吸烟、当前吸烟及吸烟易感性的患病率均有所下降。在公共场所和家中接触二手烟的情况也有所减少。2013年至2016年期间，支持公共场所禁烟的在校青少年比例有所增加，烟草公司代表向受访者提供“免费”香烟的比例显著下降。然而，在这一时间段内，10岁之前开始吸烟的青少年比例与寻求戒烟建议的当前吸烟者比例并无差异。
我们的研究表明，吸烟政策和措施在降低马来西亚在校青少年的吸烟率、二手烟暴露及获得香烟的机会方面是有效的。然而，从长期来看，需要加强减少吸烟起始和增加戒烟的措施，以减轻马来西亚与吸烟相关疾病的负担。
