Buzzai Caterina, Sorrenti Luana, Orecchio Susanna, Marino Davide, Filippello Pina
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Sicily, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2020 Sep 11;11:533815. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.533815. eCollection 2020.
The literature's interest has been focused on the study of well-being or depression. However, there has been little research that investigates the relationship between well-being and hopelessness (HPL) and the underlying contextual and dispositional variables. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between some contextual (need-supportive interpersonal behavior and need-thwarting interpersonal behavior) and dispositional variables (dispositional optimism, positive/negative affectivity, explanatory style), academic achievement, general well-being, and school HPL in adolescent students. The results showed that general well-being was positively predicted by need-supportive interpersonal behavior, dispositional optimism, positive affectivity, and adaptive explanatory style (attribution to commitment in the school context), while it was negatively predicted by negative affectivity. Meanwhile, school HPL was positively predicted by need-thwarting interpersonal behavior, negative affectivity, dysfunctional explanatory style (attribution to luck in the school context), while it was negatively predicted by attribution to commitment in the school context and academic achievement. These results provide useful data for the implementation of well-being promotion and school HPL prevention. The implications are discussed as follows.
文献关注的焦点一直是幸福感或抑郁的研究。然而，很少有研究探讨幸福感与绝望感（HPL）之间的关系以及潜在的情境和性格变量。因此，本研究的目的是检验青少年学生中一些情境变量（需求支持性人际行为和需求阻碍性人际行为）和性格变量（性格乐观、积极/消极情感性、解释风格）、学业成绩、总体幸福感与学校绝望感之间的关系。结果表明，需求支持性人际行为、性格乐观、积极情感性和适应性解释风格（在学校情境中归因于努力）能正向预测总体幸福感，而消极情感性则负向预测总体幸福感。同时，需求阻碍性人际行为、消极情感性、功能失调的解释风格（在学校情境中归因于运气）能正向预测学校绝望感，而在学校情境中归因于努力和学业成绩则负向预测学校绝望感。这些结果为实施幸福感提升和学校绝望感预防提供了有用的数据。具体含义如下所述。
