El-Mouhdi K, Fekhaoui M, Elhamdaoui F, Guessioui H, Chahlaoui A
Geo-Biodiversity and Natural Patrimony Laboratory, GEOPAC Center, Scientific Institute, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
Scientific Institute, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
J Parasitol Res. 2020 Sep 15;2020:8819704. doi: 10.1155/2020/8819704. eCollection 2020.
Morocco hopes to eliminate leishmaniases by 2030. These diseases exist in cutaneous and visceral forms and constitute a serious public health problem. The fight against these parasitoses is carried out within the framework of a national program to control leishmaniases, which offers free treatment. However, the screening rate in public health structures does not exceed 35%.
To determine the knowledge and experience of the social actors directly involved in the fight against leishmaniasis to contribute to analyse and understand the factors of this underreporting and to draw scientific recommendations to improve screening and control activities.
Using a self-administered questionnaire, we conducted an exploratory survey during April and May 2019 among all health professionals working in public health structures in the province of ELHajeb in central Morocco.
We found that most of the health professionals had good knowledge about the clinical signs of each form of leishmaniasis, but they had erroneous information about the true vector of the disease, the reservoirs, and the mode of transmission. 76% recognized the national leishmaniases control program and only 17% received continuing education. 85% of these professionals focused on the curative aspects of the program. 47% stated that patients do not adhere to the antileishmaniasis treatment, and 25% stated that the population uses the concept of "Hboub of Chniwla" to refer to cutaneous leishmaniasis.
The study concluded that the operationalization of the activities of the leishmaniases control program recognizes some weaknesses which explain the underscreening of cases. Improvement of this situation requires the implementation of continuous training programs for caregivers and awareness-raising programs for citizens which should focus on the mode of transmission, preventive measures against reservoirs, sand flies bites, and recognition of lesions using the popular names of the disease as a starting point.
摩洛哥希望到2030年消除利什曼病。这些疾病有皮肤型和内脏型，是严重的公共卫生问题。对抗这些寄生虫病的工作在一项国家利什曼病控制计划框架内开展，该计划提供免费治疗。然而，公共卫生机构的筛查率不超过35%。
确定直接参与利什曼病防治工作的社会行为者的知识和经验，以助力分析和理解报告不足的因素，并提出科学建议以改善筛查和控制活动。
我们于2019年4月和5月使用自填式问卷，对摩洛哥中部艾杰卜省公共卫生机构的所有卫生专业人员进行了一项探索性调查。
我们发现，大多数卫生专业人员对每种利什曼病形式的临床症状有很好的了解，但他们对该病的真正传播媒介、宿主和传播方式存在错误信息。76%的人认可国家利什曼病控制计划，只有17%的人接受过继续教育。这些专业人员中有85%专注于该计划的治疗方面。47%的人表示患者不坚持抗利什曼病治疗，25%的人表示民众用“Chniwla的Hboub”来指代皮肤利什曼病。
该研究得出结论，利什曼病控制计划活动的实施存在一些弱点，这解释了病例筛查不足的情况。改善这种状况需要为护理人员实施持续培训计划，并为公民开展提高认识计划，这些计划应以传播方式、针对宿主的预防措施、白蛉叮咬以及使用该病的通俗名称识别病变为起点。
