El-Mouhdi Karima, Boussaa Samia, Chahlaoui Abdelkader, Fekhaoui Mohammed
Scientific Institute, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
Higher Institute of Nursing and Health Techniques, Ministry of Health and Social Protection, Meknes, Morocco.
J Parasit Dis. 2022 Dec;46(4):967-987. doi: 10.1007/s12639-022-01521-2. Epub 2022 Jul 18.
Human visceral leishmaniasis has long been associated with canine leishmaniasis (CL). However, to date, there is no clear information on the status of the disease in dogs in Morocco that could be used by policymakers for the prevention of human cases. This study aims to assess the status of CL in Morocco and its risk factors through an exhaustive literature search. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4. The main results showed that the overall prevalence of CL in Morocco is 17% (95% CI: 0.12-0.22), caused by two strains of parasite: and . According to the region, the maximum prevalence was reported in the coastal provinces and in the central part of the country; while, the CL risk was higher in rural area (18% [95% CI: 0.14-0.23]) and at altitude above 1000 m (23% [95% CI: - 0.08-0.53]). Regarding the intrinsic factors, the prevalence of the disease increased with the age of the dog, (30% [95% CI - 0.09-0.68) and the risk was very high in clinically asymptomatic dogs (RR = 2.08 [95% CI: 1.15-3.76]). This study is the first in Morocco indicating the CL prevalence, its geographical distribution and detailing its risk factors. These results are needed to improve management strategies for the canine reservoir of leishmaniasis in Morocco and interrupt the local transmission cycle to humans.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12639-022-01521-2.
人类内脏利什曼病长期以来一直与犬利什曼病（CL）相关。然而，迄今为止，摩洛哥犬类疾病状况尚无明确信息可供政策制定者用于预防人类病例。本研究旨在通过全面的文献检索评估摩洛哥CL的状况及其危险因素。使用RevMan 5.4进行荟萃分析。主要结果表明，摩洛哥CL的总体患病率为17%（95%置信区间：0.12 - 0.22），由两种寄生虫菌株引起： 和 。按地区划分，沿海省份和该国中部报告的患病率最高；而农村地区（18% [95%置信区间：0.14 - 0.23]）和海拔1000米以上地区（23% [95%置信区间： - 0.08 - 0.53]）的CL风险更高。关于内在因素，疾病患病率随犬龄增加而上升（30% [95%置信区间 - 0.09 - 0.68]），临床无症状犬的风险非常高（相对风险 = 2.08 [95%置信区间：1.15 - 3.76]）。本研究是摩洛哥首次表明CL患病率、其地理分布并详细阐述其危险因素的研究。这些结果对于改进摩洛哥利什曼病犬类宿主的管理策略以及中断向人类的本地传播循环是必要的。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s12639 - 022 - 01521 - 2获取的补充材料。
