配偶在同性和异性婚姻中对彼此饮酒行为影响的差异：一项基于日常日记的研究。
Differences in how spouses influence each other's alcohol use in same- and different-sex marriages: A daily diary study.
机构信息
Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, USA.
Department of Sociology, Vanderbilt University, USA.
出版信息
Soc Sci Med. 2020 Nov;264:113398. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113398. Epub 2020 Sep 25.
RATIONALE
Different-sex spouses influence each other's alcohol consumption, with women having more influence on their spouses than men. Because women drink less than men, this long-term influence partly explains why married men and women consume less alcohol than their unmarried peers. However, much less is known about possible gender differences in the ways spouses influence each other's alcohol use on a day-to-day basis in same-compared to different-sex marriages. Because sexual minority people are at higher risk for alcohol use disorders compared to their heterosexual counterparts, such knowledge could shed light on ways to reduce this risk and alcohol use disparities between sexual minority and heterosexual people.
METHOD
We use 10 days of diary data collected in 2014-2015 in the United States from 157 female same-sex, 106 male same-sex, and 115 different-sex married couples in midlife (ages 35-65) to examine how one spouse's drinking influences how much the other spouse drinks on the following day.
RESULTS
Men reported higher levels of daily drinking than women; after including covariates, men in different-sex marriages reported drinking at the highest levels. Results from actor-partner interdependence models show that men in same- and different-sex marriages drink more, and women in different-sex marriages drink less when their spouse drinks more the previous day. Female same-sex spouses did not change their drinking behaviors in response to their spouse's drinking.
CONCLUSIONS
Overall higher rates of drinking among men in same-sex marriages suggest an accumulation effect of drinking that may contribute to sexual minority health disparities. Women and men in different-sex marriages may be engaging in social control or navigating masculinity norms. Women in same-sex marriages may not feel the need to adjust to low levels of drinking by their spouses. Findings suggest that spousal influence over alcohol consumption unfolds differently in same-sex compared to different-sex marriages.
背景
不同性别的配偶会相互影响对方的饮酒行为，女性对配偶的影响大于男性。由于女性饮酒量少于男性，这种长期影响部分解释了为什么已婚男性和女性比未婚同龄人饮酒量更少。然而，关于在同性婚姻和异性婚姻中，配偶之间相互影响对方日常饮酒行为的方式是否存在性别差异，人们知之甚少。由于性少数群体比异性恋同龄人更易患上酒精使用障碍，因此这些知识可以揭示减少这种风险以及减少性少数群体和异性恋人群之间饮酒差异的方法。
方法
我们使用了 2014 年至 2015 年期间在美国收集的 157 对女同性恋、106 对男同性恋和 115 对异性已婚中年夫妇（年龄在 35-65 岁之间）的 10 天日记数据，以研究一方配偶的饮酒量如何影响另一方配偶次日的饮酒量。
结果
男性报告的日常饮酒量高于女性；在纳入协变量后，异性婚姻中的男性报告的饮酒量最高。演员-伙伴相互依存模型的结果表明，当前一天配偶饮酒量较多时，同性和异性婚姻中的男性饮酒量增加，而异性婚姻中的女性饮酒量减少。女性同性恋配偶不会根据配偶的饮酒行为改变自己的饮酒行为。
结论
总体而言，同性恋婚姻中男性饮酒率较高，这表明饮酒的累积效应可能导致性少数群体健康差距。异性婚姻中的女性和男性可能在进行社会控制或应对男性气质规范。同性恋婚姻中的女性可能不需要根据配偶的低饮酒量进行调整。研究结果表明，配偶对饮酒行为的影响在同性婚姻和异性婚姻中表现方式不同。
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