Garcia Michael A, Umberson Debra
The University of Texas at Austin.
J Marriage Fam. 2019 Oct;81(5):1253-1268. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12582. Epub 2019 Jun 6.
This study examines the association of marital strain - as reported by each spouse - with psychological distress and considers whether the associations vary for men and women in gay, lesbian, and heterosexual marriages.
Prior studies show that marital strain is associated with psychological distress. However, most studies rely on only one spouse's perspective and do not consider how appraisals of strain from both spouses may contribute to distress. Moreover, possible gender differences in these associations have been considered only for heterosexual couples.
Analyses are based on 10 days of dyadic diary data from 756 midlife U.S. men and women in 378 gay, lesbian, and heterosexual marriages. Multilevel modeling is used to examine the association of self- and spouse-reported marital strain with psychological distress; actor-partner interdependence models (APIM) explore possible gender differences in these associations.
Both self- and spousal-reports of marital strain are associated with psychological distress, with notable gender differences. The associations of self- and spouse-reported marital strain with distress are stronger for women in different-sex marriages when compared to men in same-sex and different-sex marriages. The association is also stronger for women in different-sex marriages compared to women in same-sex marriages, but for self-reported strain only.
Marital appraisals by both spouses are important for psychological well-being and may be especially important for the well-being of women in different-sex marriages.
本研究考察了每位配偶所报告的婚姻压力与心理困扰之间的关联，并探讨这种关联在男同性恋、女同性恋和异性婚姻中的男性和女性之间是否存在差异。
先前的研究表明，婚姻压力与心理困扰有关。然而，大多数研究仅依赖一方配偶的观点，并未考虑双方配偶对压力的评估如何导致困扰。此外，这些关联中可能存在的性别差异仅在异性恋夫妇中得到了研究。
分析基于来自756名美国中年男女的10天二元日记数据，他们处于378段男同性恋、女同性恋和异性婚姻关系中。采用多层次建模来考察自我报告和配偶报告的婚姻压力与心理困扰之间的关联；actor-partner相互依赖模型（APIM）探讨了这些关联中可能存在的性别差异。
自我报告和配偶报告的婚姻压力均与心理困扰有关，且存在显著的性别差异。与同性婚姻和异性婚姻中的男性相比，异性婚姻中女性的自我报告和配偶报告的婚姻压力与困扰之间的关联更强。与同性婚姻中的女性相比，异性婚姻中的女性在自我报告的压力方面的关联也更强，但仅限于自我报告的压力。
双方配偶的婚姻评估对心理健康很重要，对异性婚姻中女性的幸福可能尤为重要。
